GAS 2010 40th Annual Conference

October 17, 2009

GAS conference

Louisville, Kentucky, USA. June 10-12, 2010. The “City of Possibilities,” has been selected as the designation for the 2010 conference of the Glass Art Society. As the host city, Louisville embodies the inventiveness and creativity that make glass art flourish as a medium. The largest city in the state was selected because ingenuity and possibility are its trademarks. The nascent but burgeoning glass scene in Louisville offers an opportunity for individual and community growth rivaled by few other locales.

www.glassart.org

www.glassart.org/2010_louisville.html

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Punty Talk

October 4, 2009

The egg punty.

The egg punty.

By Blaise Campbell

One of the first, big issues is making sure you have the right size punty for the right size piece. The most common problem people have when beginning is using a standard punty for really small pieces. It’s a good idea to have really small punties for really small, one or two gather pieces. A lot of people just starting out don’t have small enough punties, so it’s really good to have a little cup punty for doing tiny things. The same goes with bigger pieces. The standard pipe/punty combination found in most shops is good for medium range work. Every good glass blower has a whole range of punties and pipes to match the occasion, which not only depends on the size but also the weight of the work being attempted.

Ok, what’s next… gathering right. What I often do when teaching beginners is to emphasize really good gathering to make a punty, to barely, or if possible not, touch the glass. I like to call this the egg punty.  It’s a simple version of a standard punty also called a dome punty. You should be able to make a reasonably good punty just by gathering. Shaping, either at the marver or at the bench, can help you tailor the punty to specific kinds of needs.

Blaise Campbell is a self described “itinerant journeyman glassblower and raconteur”. His glassblowing journey began as a student at what was then called Sheridan College School of Craft and Design in 1987.  Between then and now he has travelled throughout North America and abroad as an instructor, visiting artist, or glassblower for hire. He has been a glass studio resident at the Harbourfront Center, a Fellow of the Creative Glass Center of America and an Emerging Artist in Residence at the Pilchuck Glass School and glass blowing instructor at Sheridan Institute of Technology and Advanced Learning.

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Artist Account How To

October 1, 2009

Here is a little walk through on how to use your new artist directory account.

Before getting started make sure that you have all of your information and images are ready.

All images need to be RGB (CMYK won’t show up in the site), 72 dpi, .jpg and no smaller than 710px wide.

Your cv for upload should be in word format.  That’s a .doc file.  If you are using a new version of MS Word (saves as .docx) you should use your “save as” command and save a .doc

Requirements to use the artist directory admin are:

The latest version of Safari, Internet Explorer or Firefox (we highly recommend using Firefox for its security and stability)

If you are having problems logging in to your account, editing etc.  Please update your browser.

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Wilderness Glass by David James

Many thanks to David James and Emma Quinn and the Ontario Craft Council for permission to reprint this article which first appeared in the Spring/Summer 2009 issue of Studio Magazine.

Kevin Lockau Coyotes

Kevin Lockau, Behavioral Studies of Tolerance, 2009. Sandcast glass, concrete, steel. 56 cm x 86 cm x 28 cm per coyote. Forged steel by Duerst. Photo: T.H. Wall, Studio 105 Photography.

Kevin Lockau, winner of this year’s Saidye Bronfman Award, creates art that is rough, uncompromising and very, very Canadian.

Kevin Lockau lives in a rugged wilderness that is iconically Canadian. His home sits atop the Canadian Shield. As a glass artist, he would love to have been alive a billion years ago, to stir the molten volcanic flows and fold them under with extreme pressure and then let glacial cold work gouge, push and reveal the rough beauty that envelopes his home at Hybla, north of Bancroft, Ontario.

The bedrock and its forest have always been grist for Lockau, who in late March received the Saidye Bronfman Award for Excellence in Fine Crafts, Canada’s foremost distinction for excellence in visual arts. The award is presented annually by the Governor General at Rideau Hall in Ottawa. “I’m honoured and humbled,” says Lockau, who quips that some of the $25,000 prize will go towards fixing a leaky roof.

The Saidye Bronfman award recognizes Kevin’s singular talent, both as an artist and an educator. He taught cold working and hot casting for some 20 years at Sheridan College and has lectured on art and glass throughout Europe and North America. When Sir Sanford Fleming College introduced a glass blowing program at its Haliburton School of the Arts, Lockau was on its founding advisory committee and taught there for three years. He has exhibited internationally and his cast works, some of which use techniques unlike those of any other artist, are on display in the Montreal Museum of Fine Arts and the Musée des Arts Decoratifs in Lausanne, Switzerland.

Lockau won the Best of Show Award at the 1985 Canadian Glass Conference. Numerous national and international awards and scholarships have followed that first award.

Prominent glass art collectors, Anna and Joe Mendel of Montréal, admire Lockau’s work for its “substance, language, meaning, and its social and historical commentary about what we are doing to our earth.”

Kevin, born in 1956 in Halifax, fondly recalls looking forward to “more trees and more hills” during his family’s summer pilgrimages from the naval base to his grandparents’ riding stable in Kitchener. As a Cub and then a Queen scout, summer camp gave him further immersion in nature.

When he was fifteen, his family moved to Kitchener and Lockau had his horse year round. With the hope of becoming a veterinarian, he later enrolled in the Agricultural College at University of Guelph. Admittedly “not a good student,” he graduated with a general B.Sc. in animal science. He immediately found a job at a nearby industrial hog operation. While he liked working and living on the hog farm, after four years he left to pursue painting, which had come to consume his evenings.

Kevin Lockau, Breath - Inhale, 2007. Sandcast glass, Lake Superior sand and stone, oak. 178 cm x 53 cm x 36 cm. Photo: T.H. Wall, Studio 105 Photography.

Kevin Lockau, Breath - Inhale, 2007. Sandcast glass, Lake Superior sand and stone, oak. 178 cm x 53 cm x 36 cm. Photo: T.H. Wall, Studio 105 Photography.

In 1982, Lockau entered the Ontario College of Art with a goal: become an illustrator. Instructor Stuart Werle quickly turned him on to 3D design and sculpture but he became intrigued with glass when he saw second year student Alfred Engerer ladling glass into a sand mould at a college open house. The next year, Lockau was one of nine students vying for one of eight spots in the glass program. The part-time program head, Karl Schantz, reviewed everyone’s sketchbooks. Lockau made the cut and entered his future.

“It was a cauldron of talented people given free rein. We weren’t shown how to blow glass. Schantz came over from his own studio about one day per week. We were doing experimental arts, gaining experience with glass, welding and foundry work.”

Lockau’s first formal commission came while he was a student. It is a clear, colourless piece that he blew into a plaster mould to create the form of a barn. He painted on black text that describes the clash between city and rural ethics. Kevin chuckles as he recalls that it was for the head office of McDonald’s Restaurants of Canada.

Transparent, flame-polished, colourful variations of blown vessels represent an aesthetic that never appealed to Lockau. “It’s just not me. I’m the kind of guy who likes to dig in the earth, get shit on my hands. That appeals to my sensibility.” His first sculpture was window glass fused over a shard of quartzite rock from the Canadian Shield. Unwittingly, it became a combination that now preoccupies him.

After graduation, Lockau taught part-time at Sheridan College and started a four-year residency at the Harbourfront Glass Studio, an important incubator for many Canadian glass blowers. “Being a part-time instructor gave me the financial freedom to experiment, to take risks not possible when running a business. The best thing to do is teach or pump gas!” He taught, used the facilities and took advantage of free time to broaden his experience.

Lockau sought out opportunities to grow through collaboration. In 1987, he attended the Pilchuck Glass School, north of Seattle, Washington, where artists from around the world come together to share their knowledge and experiment with masters. Lockau spent four summers with groundbreaking innovators such as the doyens of Czech casting, the husband-and-wife team Stanislav Libensky and Jaroslava Brychtova, and the Swedish sand caster, Bertil Vallien. Lockau says the experience greatly expanded his appreciation for “what the casting process could do.”

A similar transformation came during a month-long stone-carving symposium with the Inuit of Iqaluit on Baffin Island in 2000. Previously, he focused mostly on relief carving and kept it separate from his glasswork. “I now started thinking in 3D for the sculptural stone pieces, and that’s when the two materials came together.”

A Christmas casting course critique at Sheridan created another artistic breakthrough. He volunteered his own pieces for discussion. Encouraged by his openness, the students enthusiastically told him to “go big or go home!” back to his studio and make it happen. That was when “what looked like road kill came to life” as timber wolves and coyotes. The life-size sculptures consist of solid cast or sand blown hollow pieces. The voids may contain pieces of pink insulation to resemble flesh. Tufts of dark hair stand out eerily from black areas. “The series challenges people to consider their relationship with the animals,” Lockau explains.

“The effect is hauntingly provocative”, says Megan Lafrenière, co-owner of the Ottawa glass gallery, Lafrenière & Pai Gallery. “The animals have become signature works.”

Lockau has developed a casting process that mimics the creation of the Canadian Shield. Drawing on forays into the bush and further afield, he brings back rocks, gravel, coloured sands and organic material. They go into works that “express the idea of the earth as a living other, which is in part our own skin of existence,” Lockau says, adding, “they are not landscape portraits.”

Kevin Lockau, Bustards, 2007. Sandcast glass, concrete, forged steel, wood. 30 cm x 76 cm x 20 cm. Photo: T.H. Wall, Studio 105 Photography.

Kevin Lockau, Bustards, 2007. Sandcast glass, concrete, forged steel, wood. 30 cm x 76 cm x 20 cm. Photo: T.H. Wall, Studio 105 Photography.

Kevin has given them titles such as Breath – Inhale, Conception, Resurrection, Annunciation and Do Unto Others. He acknowledges these appear to have Christian origins, yet for him the sculptures strongly suggest “spiritual animism.”

Concerned about the environmental impact of creating glass art, Lockau uses the dirty glass dregs at the bottom of crucibles. Instead of throwing it out, “molten glass is ladled onto piles of coloured sands and rocks that are scooped up with shovels and unceremoniously dumped onto each other in a rocking olivine sand mould. Mixing sticks flare like torches. The air is filled with steam, smoke and the stench of hot sands.”

Lockau’s use-or-abuse of glass is atypical. “I use qualities of glass that most people do not play with: the molten flow, the cracks from internal tensions, bubbles and the effects of burning out foreign materials.” The result “is no clubhouse sandwich with everything parallel!” When it cools, Kevin flips the piece onto the studio floor. “Loose sand falls away to reveal beautiful folding and fluidity!” Then the cutting, polishing and assembly of his final sculptures begin.

Elena Lee of Montreal, owner of the eponymous glass gallery, which is the oldest in Canada, says, “Kevin Lockau’s work is the most Canadian of Canadians. His represents the land like no other. It’s rough and uncompromising as is the country itself.”

Author David James is a sculptor and cast glass artist. Lafreniere & Pai Gallery nominated Lockau for this year’s Saidye Bronfman Award.

For more information visit:

www.davidjamesglass.com

www.lapaigallery.com

www.craft.on.ca

www.studiomagazine.ca

www.studio105photography.com

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Katherine Gray talks about ‘Forest Glass’

Katherine Gray talks about her installation ‘Forest Glass’ that was part of her exhibition “It’s a Very Deadly Weapon to Know What You’re Doing,” her first solo show at Acuna-Hansen Gallery in Los Angeles earlier this year.

katherine-gray.com

www.ahgallery.com

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Espace VERRE, vingt-cinq années vraiment bien remplies par Léopold L. Foulem

Carole Frève, Balançoire no1. (2007), verre soufflé, thermoformé et électroplaqué, cuivre. Crédit Michel Dubreuil.

Carole Frève, Balançoire no1. (2007), verre soufflé, thermoformé et électroplaqué, cuivre. Crédit Michel Dubreuil.

Une ancienne caserne de pompiers désaffectée située quelque part entre deux ponts dans une zone semi-industrielle est depuis vingt-cinq ans un laboratoire effervescent consacré au verre d’art. Ici, on préconise un système où l’élève et la matière, l’expérimentation et l’apprentissage sont au centre de l’exercice. Cette confrontation continuelle entre le savoir et le faire, le pourquoi et le comment, alimente et renouvelle constamment le processus créatif. Processus encadré par un souci de transmission rigoureuse de connaissances spécifiques à la discipline.

On apprend et expérimente lors du programme de formation de trois ans diverses méthodes de fabrication d’objets variés en verre. Ceux-ci s’inscrivent dans des créneaux qui vont de la pièce utilitaire aux œuvres d’expression libre, du verre soufflé au thermoformage par exemple.

Loin d’être bucolique, le lieu est néanmoins plus que convenable, efficace : les nombreux ateliers propres, méticuleusement propres, et adéquatement équipés occupent trois étages. Une galerie et des vitrines où se succèdent des expositions, ainsi qu’une bibliothèque spécialisée bien garnie s’ajoutent au complexe immobilier autosuffisant pour l’enseignement de cet art du feu.

La diffusion des travaux exécutés par les élèves diplômés constitue un aspect essentiel de la formation offerte à Espace VERRE. En plus d’être présentées régulièrement dans les vitrines destinées à cette fin et dans la galerie de l’institution, presque chaque année leurs œuvres sont exposées dans des milieux professionnels reconnus, galeries d’art ou centres d’artistes, rendant tout à fait concrets les liens production et marketing.

Donald Robertson, Miel. (2007), Pâte de cristal et cire perdue, (dimensions 34 x 41 x 37 cm). Crédit : Donald Robertson

Donald Robertson, Miel. (2007), Pâte de cristal et cire perdue, (dimensions 34 x 41 x 37 cm). Crédit : Donald Robertson

À Montréal, l’existence depuis trente-trois ans d’une galerie commerciale consacrée principalement à la promotion et à la diffusion du verre d’art constitue un atout important qui a soutenu et influencé cette discipline. N’oublions pas que plusieurs enseignants et diplômés de chez Espace VERRE font partie des artistes représentés par la Galerie Elena Lee. Non négligeables non plus sont les collections de verre en montre au Musée des beaux-arts de Montréal et particulièrement les espaces consacrées aux œuvres contemporaines. Ces lieux sont des sources opportunes où peuvent puiser les verriers et qui surtout valorisent la discipline aux yeux du grand public.

Conçu dès son origine comme un site d’expérimentation et d’apprentissage par François-Houdé et Ronald Labelle, des fondateurs visionnaires, Espace VERRE est heureusement resté fidèle à sa mission originale et a aussi élargi son mandat considérablement. Non seulement est-il une école atelier exemplaire, mais aussi il s’agit depuis son origine d’un pôle majeur d’échanges constants entre maîtres et élèves, entre résidents locaux et visiteurs étrangers, entre artisans et artistes. Une source d’émulation continuelle tout à fait bienfaisante et excitante. Il s’agit sans doute de la facette la plus remarquable du programme pédagogique développé, amélioré et soutenu sans réserve par l’école tout au long de son existence. La participation des élèves et des professeurs à des symposiums internationaux est courante et encouragée.

Lorsque l’on considère le corpus d’œuvres fabriquées par le groupe de maîtres verriers tous praticiens qui enseignent ici, la caractéristique première qui s’en dégage est la contemporanéité des démarches. Actuelles et compétentes, elles s’insèrent parfaitement dans le panorama du verre international d’aujourd’hui, qu’il s’agisse des sculptures à caractère mythologique de Donald Robertson, des intégrations à l’architecture de Michèle Lapointe, ou des formes de contenants sculpturaux en techniques mixtes de Carole Frève. La gamme de leurs réalisations est variée ce qui offre aux élèves de nombreuses possibilités quant à leurs propres interventions plastiques.

Susan Edgerley, Unfurl (2008). Verre façonné à la flamme (dimensions H : 168 cm x 213 cm largeur x 13 cm pro). Crédit Michel Dubreuil

Susan Edgerley, Unfurl (2008). Verre façonné à la flamme (dimensions H : 168 cm x 213 cm largeur x 13 cm pro). Crédit Michel Dubreuil

Unique en Amérique du Nord, l’atelier Fusion créé par Susan Edgerley, est réservé aux diplômés du programme, un lieu particulier voué à soutenir la relève en simulant une expérience de production, de mise en marché et de recherches formelles variées.

À ce jour, cent vingt-deux élèves ont terminé leurs périodes d’études pratiques exigées, dont quatre-vingt-neuf femmes et trente-trois hommes. Autre statistique intéressante et tout à fait concluante, soixante-trois d’entre eux, soit presque la moitié des diplômés, sont toujours actifs à temps plein ou partiel. La jeune génération se distingue notamment à l’étranger par les Sylvie Bélanger, Maude Bussières, Annie Cantin, Carole Frève, Catherine Labonté, Patrick Primeau, Stephen Pon, Cathy Strokowsky, pour ne nommer que ceux-là.

Par ailleurs, chaque année des maîtres-verriers sont invités à transmettre leur connaissance lors de stages de perfectionnement réservés aux verriers professionnels. Venus du Canada anglais, des États-Unis, d’Europe, d’Australie; comme Lino Tagiapietta d’Italie, David Reekie d’Angleterre, ou Philip Baldwin de Suisse. Ils ont tous séjourné à Espace VERRE afin d’animer des « master classes » de haut calibre.

Cette ouverture sur le monde, peut-être devrait-on écrire les mondes, est la base de la formation atypique offerte ici. Ce modèle pédagogique dynamique a emprunté, entre autres, certaines pratiques didactiques au niveau d’enseignement supérieur américain, et donne des résultats étonnants, vingt-cinq ans de surprises et de succès louables.

Un quart de siècle de cheminement mérite manifestement d’être souligné et célébré  Cette réussite impose également un regard objectif sur le futur si la mission de l’école veut demeurer pertinente. L’obsolescence guette tout programme d’enseignement s’il est laissé à lui-même.

Michèle Lapointe, Alice, Lorina, Édith et les autres (2006) détail, verre soufflé et photographies. Crédit René Rioux

Michèle Lapointe, Alice, Lorina, Édith et les autres (2006) détail, verre soufflé et photographies. Crédit René Rioux

La virtuosité est un atout  irréfutable. Malgré cela, elle peut devenir un handicap si la prouesse technique s’impose comme raison d’être principale de l’œuvre. Dans une telle éventualité, celle-ci perdrait malheureusement son âme.

Un grand défi déterminera l’avenir du verre d’art au Québec et d’Espace VERRE. C’est qu’après une formation solide où l’acquisition d’un savoir-faire basé sur l’émulation est prioritaire, il faudrait absolument que les protagonistes puissent et soient incités désormais à élargir leurs univers spécifiques dans un environnement  universitaire, afin que les prochaines décennies débordent non seulement de créativité, mais aussi d’innovations.

Léopold Foulem est reconnu pour ses talents d’éducateur, de rédacteur, de conférencier et par-dessus tout d’artiste. Il a reçu le prix national Jean A. Chalmers de métiers d’art en 1998, et le Prix Saydie Bronfman en 2001. En 2003, il recevait le prestigieux prix culturel Acadien. Il est parmi les premiers céramistes canadiens présent dans les collections du Victoria And Albert Museum de Londres, en Angleterre, et du Musée Gardiner. Il partage son temps entre sa ville natale de Caraquet au Nouveau-Brunswick et Montréal, et un horaire bien rempli d’expositions internationales.

Espace VERRE rénove actuellement son bâtiment et recevra le congrès de l’Association du verre d’art canadien en 2010, tandis que les musées montréalais présenteront d’avril à décembre 2010 des expositions sur le thème du verre. 2010, Montréal, ville de verre.

www.espaceverre.qc.ca

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Galerie Elena Lee at SOFA Chicago 2009

A Visual Tour by Tanya Lyons

glass@tanyalyons.ca

www.tanyalyons.ca

http://propellers.etsy.com

2371 Rte. Principale, Lachute, QC  J8H 3W7

Canada

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World’s Largest Glass Pumpkin Created by The Corning Museum of Glass

The Corning Museum of Glass unveiled what it believes to be the world’s largest glass pumpkin: a beautiful, giant shiny orange globe measuring in at 97 inches in circumference and weighing in at about 70 pounds.

The giant pumpkin was made by the glassmakers who present the Museum’s live glassblowing demonstrations. The pumpkin-making process took a team of eight glassblowers more than 50 hours of work, 17 attempts, a lot of shattered glass, and a number of lopsided prototypes.

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Bronze Pineapple Mold

Olympic Color Rods is excited to announce that we are now stocking bronze “pineapple” molds. The mold we currently stock is a 16 point, 4″ mold. We anticipate this line expanding, both to larger and smaller molds, as well as the amount of points in each mold.

The pineapple mold, or balloton mold is one that is highly sought after, and often times very expensive. However, we are able to offer these molds for a very reasonable rate of $250.00 due to the fact that they are manufactured in the US.

Call or email for more info.

Olympic Color Rods

800-445-7742

sales@glasscolor.com

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Living Glass History: Full Text of Interview With Irene Frolic

Alberta College of Art + Design, February 23, 2009-06-18

Introduction: Robert Geyer

It’s with great pleasure that we welcome Irene Frolic to Living Glass History.

Irene Frolic has been using glass as a material for sculpture for over twenty years. During this time she has been one of the leaders of the studio glass movement in developing kiln-cast glass as a material for artistic expression.

She is particularly known for using the properties of glass as a means of expressing the emotional palette of her art practice. Her work makes interesting comments on the ideas of personal history, the interdependence of beauty and decay, and the link between psychology and geology.

Irene Frolic is a past president of the Glass Art Association of Canada and is a member of the Royal Academy. She maintains a studio in Toronto, Ontario and regularly exhibits internationally and her work is found in many private and public collections.

She is also one of the foremost educators in kiln-cast glass and has taught workshops all over the world including Pilchuck Glass School.

Once again we welcome Irene to Living Glass History. Thank you very much.

IF: Thank you very much.

Tina Tremblay

Hi Irene.

IF: Hi Tina:

Tina: My question is, who is your favorite artist today and why?

IF: Ok well, when I saw that question first it took me a bit by surprise because I suddenly had to think who is my favorite artist why. And I gave it a bit of thought and I’ve chosen two people one of whom is an old chestnut, Picasso, you’ll be surprised to hear, and the other is Lucian Freud. Why Picasso? Such a standard. One of the reasons I admire Picasso is not so much for the constant of his work really but the fact that he was able to reinvent himself over and over and over again over a very long, long period of art making. I think it’s very hard, I think art comes as sort of bursts and gusts. I like to call this sort-of ten-year cycles. An artist usually has one ten-year cycle in which they have some kind of an inspiration. They work it through, they understand it, they reach a pinnacle and then it sort of tapers off. Maybe a slightly better artist can do it twice in a couple of ten-year cycles. But Picasso was able to do it so many times and even as a very old man (I think in his 80′s, I think he was, or his 70′s) he was able still to find the strength and the fire of creativity in him to push through for yet another body of work. It’s very hard to make a body of work. You have to think about it a long time, you have to express it and to be able to do that over and over and over again is really the mark of a great genius, I think. So, that’s why I chose Picasso. Lucian Freud as you know is a wonderful portrait artist, a contemporary portrait artist who lives in London. And I absolutely adore looking at his work. He paints like a sculptor. He layers things on. He forces you to really, really look at his character and you know that he as an artist is really, really looking. And that’s the most important thing for an artist and I think he does that really well. And I think for those reasons those are the two artists I admire at least today. Maybe next week I’ll think of someone else. I also like very quiet artists like Agnes Martin.

Tina Tremblay: Who influenced you in the early stages of your art practice?

IF: Who influenced me? When I first started, and I started already as a mature person in my 40′s, I don’t think I really had something I had to express. I hadn’t really ever looked at art or thought of myself as an artist. There was just something in me that had to come out so I don’t think I really looked at art as a discipline. At the time when I first started my work there was just something in me I had to express and I was going to get it out some way. I happened to take a glass course. I don’t know, maybe it would have come out some other way. I’m not sure. It’s only maybe in the last ten years that I’ve started looking at art and I consider myself more as an artist as a profession so I make art about art. Or I think about art and I think about my work in a different way. But I think we’ll get to that later.

Heidi Holt:

In your artist statement you talk about the connection in your work between the layered earth and the psychology of the human face. It feels that you are using this to capture the moment between the animate and inanimate in your work. Is this true?

IF: I think what I meant about that moment between animate and inanimate in that quote was that it was a moment of stillness that I was trying to capture, a moment of clarity. A moment that is torn between what was and what will be. That moment as of right now, as of right this moment that we are. I call that being inanimate when you’re nothing but just that moment of being there. Sort of pure being. And that’s what I try to capture and certainly tried to capture that in my early work. I used to say that my work was mute in the sense that it just sort of was there and there was nothing animate. As you see with the faces there’s never any expression on them or anything like that. I wanted that expression to come from, in those early works, from the material itself, the metaphor of the glass looking all worn and beat-up as it were. I hope I’ve answered that question for you.

Heidi Holt:

Can you talk more about your material choice and how glass is never really inanimate? The particles are always moving. Is that important?

IF: That’s a very interesting question. Honestly, that’s something I’ve never thought about. But I wasn’t thinking of that so much as of the human side of it. The metaphor of the glass that I was using at that time was that glass at the centre of the earth. The magma. That glass.

Robyn Weatherly:

Hi Irene. You state that “nothing should go unnoticed; everything should be touched.” What is the relationship between the ideas of tactility and memory in your work?

IF: That’s a very interesting question. When I talk about touch in that, I don’t mean touch as merely the tactility of touching. What I meant was touch is moving you into the understanding of a subject or the taking on of a subject. And I feel that memory is what has been touched. Everything that you think of that you’ve touched is memory. So I wasn’t really thinking of it in that tactile sense. I wrote somewhere once that memory is transformation and transformation is art. So what the artist has touched is what’s in the artist’s memory is what comes out. And I also wrote once, “Memory is the wound, transformation the healing, art the scars.” So, art is what comes out after you’ve touched your experience, so to speak, or understood it or loved or however you process it in any way – that is memory. And that’s what I meant by touch.

Robyn Weatherly:

And I was just wondering. When you’re reconstructing your memory, do any other senses come into it besides the touch of creation to help you with the reconstruction?

IF: In those works, certainly, when I said they were mute, it was almost like a passing through of me without seeming to think of the piece that came through. And I worked in clay, which is very easy to work with. Now I work in glass, which is very difficult to work with. And it just sort of passed though me and out through my hands without seeming to touch anything else. I’m sure it did but that’s how it felt like to me. It was inevitable that that work would come out at the end of my fingers. So it certainly wasn’t conscious.

Jamie Gray:

Hi Irene. The transition in material usage, texture and colour in your work seems to parallel a journey taken through your own life. For instance, the early pieces seem tortured, dark; yet your newer work with the long necks and curvaceous faces references, on one level, the stems and buds of flowers. Does this progression in your work document a journey?

IF: A journey, yes, it certainly has been a journey. And I think my work, now that I look back at it, certainly documented a journey. It’s always easier to look back at something and put it back together. But I work very intuitively and when I’m working I don’t know until it’s all finished and I look back at it as to what I’ve done. But when I look back at the last twenty years or twenty-five years, it certainly was a journey. And as I said, when I first started, I felt very much as though I was going out there completely on my own sort of a pioneer. It was still quite early on in the glass scene. We didn’t learn anything about kiln casting because everyone was interested in blowing. So the kiln-casters we thought we were just inventing everything as we went along. And I also had this outpouring of feeling that I had when I started and at that time I didn’t want to take any responsibility at all for my work so I would make the piece and then I would put in the window glass, put the copper in, I’ll talk to you later about that process. But I didn’t want to take any responsibility for what the piece looked like when it was finished. It was all so emotional that as I said I felt that something was passing through me and I was making work that I wasn’t responsible for, didn’t want to take responsibility for. So the colours came just because of the firing. I had no idea how things would look when it was finished. What it was that I was working through, as many of you know, is that I’m a Holocaust survivor and somehow this whole idea of glass and fires of annihilation and the fires in the kiln and everything, it just took hold of me and held me gently and fiercely for almost ten years while I worked through certain things in my work. There came a time, however, maybe ten years ago, when I felt I had said as much as I could say with that work, through my installations and the pedestal work as well. And I remember one day I was in Paris, and I had always gone to the Picasso museum to see all the figurative works that he had, all those tortured things, and I couldn’t go in. And I just had had enough of it and I, somehow, I put it away and then I began to focus on Miro and other work like that that dealt with colour and line and form. That’ll come in later. So my newer work is much more designed as you can probably figure out. There’s more of my hand on it actually, because of the cold working and it’s much more thought out. I choose how things are going to go. I don’t rely on accidents. If an accident happens, I think of it as a problem. I never used to think of it as a problem. I always thought of it as being a wonderful thing to happen. It has been a journey. I’ve been ill for the last few years. I think I’m coming out of a very bad time. And I wanted to make works of beauty, which I think I have, because I thought we need more of that and that’s helpful. I’ll talk about that later. So yes it has been a journey. And I guess in my work, I’m not really separating from my work. I guess I’m making work now that speaks more to me; that speaks to me as I always did. Only maybe I’m looking for different things now.

Diana Fox:

Hi Irene. The gaze in your figurative sculptures is very interesting. Why are the eyes always cast downward or away from the viewer?

IF: That’s a good question. I am also interested in the gaze of the subject. There’s a reason why my heads are turned down and looking down. And I think it related to the fact that an artist has to look in and look out at the same time. So, the figures, by having their heads down, are introspective and looking down into themselves and yet of course they’re looking out at the same time. So that’s important; it doesn’t confront. They’re more introspective. So that’s that. And another reason is I want the viewer to get up closer to it and I’ve sometimes seen, when my work is in galleries, that people bend down and look up in the face and I like that feeling that it draws the viewer in and it’s a moment of power for the artist when you can get somebody to get up really close and to take a very, very close look at the work. So that’s what I was thinking about. That is a very interesting question.

Diana Fox:

I’m also wondering then, you talk about the experience for the viewer. Are you wanting them to follow the gaze of the sculpture? Do you want them to look where that’s looking? Is that part of it?

IF: No, I’ve never thought of that. I’ll have to think of that. I don’t think so. I want them to get close and I want them to bend a little.

Diana Fox:

That’s awesome. Thanks so much.

Angela Bedard:

Hi. During the Holocaust, coloured inverted triangle badges were sewn on shirts to identify the reason a prisoner was placed inside a concentration camp. Gay, lesbian and feminist communities have reclaimed the pink and black triangles as a symbol of the fight against oppression. Is there a connection between these usages of the triangle symbol and the use of triangular-shaped bases in your work?

IF: Thank you. That was the most interesting question that I’ve ever had. And it really made me think about my work so much more because, no, that was certainly not an intention at all. But I don’t think you students can understand how powerful these questions are to the artist when you ask questions that open up things the artist never thought about. So I thank you very much for that question. But that’s something that I hadn’t thought about. And indeed this new work seriously has very little to do with my earlier work which was more based on that. But, wow, what a question. So, no, I don’t think so. The reason they’re triangular-shaped is I’m getting canny as an older artist and I’m learning about colour and glass and it’s thickness, and how to get the most out of form. The things they tried to teach me when I was at art school the first time around and I was so busy pouring out all this work that I didn’t pay attention. So it has more to do with that. But that’s a really interesting question. Thank you.

Jennifer Muesch-Hosko:

The touch of the hand of the artist appears to change dramatically in the surfaces of your older to newer work. What is the significance of this change?

IF: I’m not sure what you thought had more touch of the hand of the artist, the old work or the new work. In actual fact the new work has much more the touch of the hand of the artist, or the artisan, than the old work. The old work was just some miracle gush that happened when I was working but the newer work does have the touch and the eye of the artist. I’m taking a lot more responsibility now for my work than I did before. I choose the colours very carefully. The newer pieces that you see, they’re all at least three different colours mixed in together. They’re not like “ out of the crayon-box” colours. There’s a lots of cold working involved and I’m much more meticulous. So there is much more of “art” to the later pieces than the early ones. I’m probably deciding that maybe I’m an artist and there are certain things I’m responsible for. I used to just be a person that had some feelings that had to get out but I think there’s another layer been added.

Rob Geyer:

We’ve noticed a big change in the touch of the hand from the old work to the new work and agree with you that the newer work has much more of the touch of the hand. Can you talk about the strategy behind that?

IF: Oh, the design strategy. Ok, well I’m a good Libinsky student and he often talks about thick and thin making different shifts in colour. So, yes, the shaft that holds my latest pieces, of which I think I’m only going to do one or two more, because, you know, you get tired of it, that shaft with the two triangles is very artfully conceived so that you get a lot of different colour play in it. You can’t see it because I only sent you one pose but there’ll be a thinness up the middle where the two triangles meet and a thickness on the side and then the points that come down. And with this beautiful glass that I use, it all shows as different colour. And then the roundness in the face, the curve of the cheek, and the lips; it just makes the glass look differently than it did. So I pay a lot of attention to that. I delight in that, actually, like a baby. Oh, it’s so beautiful. So there’s a lot of design and years of experience, too, of knowing how it’s going to react. Because if you just make something in glass, unless you over-exaggerate and work at certain modeling of the surface, you’re not going to get your money’s worth. You might as well make it out of some other material – plaster or something.

Rob Geyer:

Absolutely. I would agree with you one hundred percent. Thanks, Irene.

Leah Nowak:

Your newer figurative work appears to be sculpted/designed so that they “contain” light in the head. Could you speak to the containment of light in these pieces?

IF: Yes, I can. I think I sort of started to think about it earlier, in the question before. But definitely they’re all about containing colour and light and beauty which are all mixed in together and, as I said, that harkened back to some of that earlier work that I started to turn to: Miro, and the shafts of colour and the line of colour. So, what I’m trying to do is I’m trying to roll all of this beauty of colour and light all together into a big, potent package of beauty. Sort of like a pill, a beauty pill that you can take that might cure the world or myself or whatever. I’m trying to make them as full of colour and light as I possibly can. I did a number of series on that. And one of them was something that I called Fierce Beauty. I’m trying to make them fiercely beautiful. And fierce means fire-fully intense or passionate, and beauty is grace, symmetry and refinement. I’m sort of trying to roll all these things up into work. I still have a long way to go but that’s what I’m thinking of. It’s like two ideals that exist at the same time, fierceness and beauty. And the line on which they dwell is very active and crackling.

Leah Nowak:

So do you use your colours as a symbol for certain traits? Like, red is seen sometimes as a symbol for vitality, courage, or self-confidence. Do you look at these colours as metaphors or symbols for what you’re trying to achieve?

IF: Yes, I am. And red – yes. Yes, yes, although I did a whole series of white, which was also beautiful. But it was more of an opaque glass and didn’t hold the colour. But, it’s not just red that I use. I like to use all the warm colours, which I think suit figurative work better anyway.

Leah Nowak:

Regarding the light in some of your figure’s heads, are you connecting it all to spirituality or are you speaking to a healing or rebirth through that light?

IF: That light – I think it’s more of a fierce light that I’m trying to produce, more than spirituality which I’m not exactly sure what you mean by that. Healing in a fierce and very active way. And actually when I was very ill, I started the series and worked my head off, so to speak, just to try to be as fierce and active and positive as I possibly could to create them. So, to answer your question, yes to those things but not in sort of a passive way but in a very active artistic maker kind of way.

Cailey Buye:

Are there specific reasons that you used window glass in your earlier work? A window is often seen as metaphor for viewing things. Is there any relationship between the narrative history of windows and your usage of this material to create a surface that looks worn and opaque?

IF: Actually, it had nothing to do with windows. The reason I used that glass was that it was free and I got it out of a dumpster. And it actually came from a factory. Although, people often call it window glass, it really was plate glass. It was a furniture factory that made shelving and things like that so the glass was at least ” thick. So in my mind I never really thought of it as window glass although I guess it was. I thought of it as something I’d scavenged from a dumpster and through the heat of the fires of the kiln became something beautiful. So it had more to do with the passage through fire of something that maybe was almost dead or gone, passage through fire to reanimate a person. And, again, the beauty of survival. And through the scrap heaps through fire to survival. And, again, that had a lot to do with my past personal history as to where I had come from and where all my family stories were and everything like that. So that was definitely the connection. Not so much windows.

Beth Cartwright:

Hello. Could you discuss the mold making and casting process used to create your earlier work?

IF: I will tell you. The models were made out of clay. I hadn’t learned yet how to work with wax. So everything was made with clay and very sort-of stumpy and coarse so that after I made the mold I could dig the clay out with my hand. So that was the first thing. The mold material was basically plaster silica, 50/50. And I started on this series when I was already showing in several shows in New York when I was still a student at OCA so everything was done at school and everything was basically more-or-less self-taught. I really had no idea how to do anything. So I would make these molds out of plaster silica. Oh, and I would make a steel cottle. When you pour your molds what do you pour into?

Beth Cartwright:

Sometimes I use the wooden cottles, but I do hand-made molds as well.

IF: Oh, that’s the way you’re supposed to do it now. But in those days I just poured them and I made a cottle out of steel, very thin gauge black steel, not galvanized, but black steel, which I would spot-weld together. So I’d put it on the table and just pour the stuff in there. The reason I put it into steel was I’d had so many accidents in the kiln where my molds would crack. You know what happens when molds crack. So I decided I’m going to put them in something that won’t crack. So I put them in there. And then in order to get the colour that you see in some of my older pieces – the blacks and oranges and the greens – I would make a mixture of copper powder, silica sand, carpenter glue and water. And there was about a teaspoonful of copper powder, a teaspoonful of silica sand and an equal amount of glue and then enough water that it seemed like Hershey’s syrup. And then I would drool that mixture into the mold. Got me so far? I mean, after I removed the plate. Then I would let it sit upside down over night so that it would all sort of drool out; it wouldn’t pool at the top. Although sometimes I would forget and it would pool at the top, which was bad. And then I would put it in the kiln with the plate glass which I would fill the mold with. And then began the long firing and I would keep topping up the mold with plate glass until it was full. And when it came out, of course the molds were very badly cracked because I didn’t have a clue how as to how to make a mold. But they didn’t burst because they were in the steel. So the piece would come through all full of flanges and … what are those things called? See I’ve already forgotten. I lived by those. I made my reputation on them!

Beth Cartwright:

Flashing?

IF: Flashing! Right. And sometimes I’d knock the flashing off and that was the only bit of glassiness that would show. And the only cold working I did was I that I had a balpeen hammer and that was about it. And I would just bang at the piece and bang off these things and that was it. Very straight forward. My teacher used to call it the Fred Flintstone method of kiln casting. So, that’s how it was done. Basically no fear. But I want to say something about that. The illness that I’ve had for the last few years, I’ve had an autoimmune illness, a very unusual kind of illness, and it’s affecting my eyes but it can also affect the lungs. No one knows where it came from. And I sometimes wonder if burning all that copper and even the steel – because the steel would disintegrate – if that maybe was not the smartest thing to do in the world. So I’m telling what I did but I’m cautioning you not to do that. Don’t burn metal with your molds. It’s not worth it, believe me. Do you have any other questions on the mold making?

Beth Cartwright:

What about your newer work? How are they created; not using the same technique, I guess?

IF: With the newer work, they’re made with wax and then it’s steamed out. And I use a flowerpot on top now to put the billets into that drools into the mold. I used to make my molds the way you make them now and for years I taught that as my religion of building up the mold in layers using plaster silica and talc and then plaster silica and grog. But now I do something else. I buy a mold material from England. It has to be imported from New Jersey. I have to buy 1200 pounds at a time. It’s very expensive. But at this rate, with the expensive glass I’m using, I can’t afford any mistakes. So I use that mold material which is wonderful. It doesn’t crack or anything like that. But I think you still using a built-up mold would be fine. Also because my pieces are very heavy – there’s sometimes 60 pounds of glass in there and so tall – I’m so terrified that the mold will split open, which it doesn’t.

Beth Cartwright:

What is the name of that mold material you import?

IF: I knew you were going to ask me that. I think it’s called Crystalex or something like that. And my studio mate in Toronto used to buy it and we have to order a skid-load at a time. And the only North American importer is this place in New Jersey, but I can let you know by e-mail more details. There are all kinds of warnings on that one too, but they seem to be silica-based warnings so you have to be careful with a respirator and things like that.

Jamie Gray:

I had a question. I wanted to ask you if there is spirituality imbued in your work. And I think you answered that a little bit in the positive that you think there is. Is that right?

IF: Spirituality and beauty may be in the eyes of the beholder.

Jamie Gray:

Right, right, but I’m thinking that some of your work seems to radiate a bit. Not physically but, see I don’t know how to explain this very well, but I think that by the maker’s hands being all over a piece, something of the maker goes into that piece. And so, I guess that is just what I wanted to ask you is if you think there can be a certain type of spirituality that ends up in any work?

IF: That is my wish, and my great desire. And of course I would like to say the answer is yes, but only if you see it. I can be as spiritual as I want over my work and that’s sort of what I think I’ve learned after all these years is you have to know how to do it and how to express it in whatever field you choose whether it’s writing or sculpture or painting. So, I wish that were true and I hope it is.

Jamie Gray:

I think it is true with your work and I think it’s also the responsibility of the viewer, that the viewer has something to do with that, whether or not they stay and look at something long enough to read anything out of it. So it’s not just in the hands of the maker, I think. But I do think that your work exudes spirituality and that it’s lovely.

IF: Thank you very much.

Jamie Gray:

You’re welcome. Thank you.

Curtis Burns:

Hi Irene. I’m going to ask you a question now. When we were doing our testing, I was telling you the story about me hiring a legally blind carpenter in Newfoundland and your immediate reaction was that his work must be amazing – which it is – and you were just talking about your own health challenges and how it was affecting your eyesight. Do you find, as an artist and a maker, diminished eyesight impacts your work? And does it impact your work positively or would you say it impacts your work negatively? And as a society that views any physical impairment as a disability, would you challenge that notion, as a maker having an impairment? Were you disabled?

IF: I was disabled for about a year and half and I think in that year and half I accomplished some of the best work, I feel, that I have made. The early work, of course, was a lot of …?? but I found my second wind. I learned to use my hands more and the feel of the piece and that’s why they’re so smooth and they feel wonderful. I also had to get a lot of people to help me. For a couple of shows that I had, I had to get a whole team of people to help me because I couldn’t really see into the darkness of the wax. I couldn’t really see what I was making. I could only feel it. So, I’m out of that valley now. I’ve had a couple of surgeries and I can see. I can drive again. I couldn’t drive for two years. So I’m out of that now. I’m also noticing, I went and saw a piece and said, “Is that what it looks like? It’s horrible! How could you let that out of the studio?” Because everything, to me, was just this absolute glow.

Jill Allen:

Hi Irene. I saw you give a presentation in Nelson a few years ago, and one of the topics you talked about was the influence of literature and literary theory and critique on your work. And I was wondering if you could talk about that a little bit.

IF: Well, it influences me a lot. I love poetry and for the last few years one of the great sorrows was that I was not able to read. I’m just now starting to read again. So that’s wonderful. How does it affect me? I don’t know; it seems to just be a well from which I draw. I’m very sensitive to the spoken word. Even though I find my work to be mute, my work is mute, but there must be a voice in my head that’s full of language and …? As a matter of fact, I think you were asking me about colour and beauty in my new work and there’s a poem by Andrew Marvell called “To His Coy Mistress.” You probably know it. One of the lines towards the end says, “Let us roll all our strength, and all/ Our sweetness, up into one ball;/ And tear our pleasures with rough strife/ Through the iron gates of life.” And that in a way exemplifies or talks about the work that I’m trying to make now. I don’t have anything more of a formal explanation than that. That poem, by the way, was called “To His Coy Mistress” if you want to read the rest of it. It’s an old chestnut. Anybody that’s taken a literature course at college probably has read it. He’s basically trying to seduce this young woman; that’s basically what it’s about.

Tyler Rock:

Irene, I know that you’ve been traveling to China lots because of your husband’s connection with culture and China and his studies. You mentioned a couple of western artists that you found profoundly influential. Is there art or architecture or people in China that you feel have influenced you in your work?

IF: That’s a very interesting question, Tyler. Being in China did influence me. I didn’t really realize it. But I lived in China with my family and my husband during the Cultural Revolution back in the early 70′s when China was basically a very closed-up world and we were sort of kept away from everybody. And at that time there was no idea that I would ever become an artist, never mind a glass artist. I was a mother of three young children in Beijing. But one thing that did influence me, now when I think back on it, was the Buddhist figures, the Buddhist faces on the carvings, which were not evident in China then because it was during the Cultural Revolution and all those things were either destroyed or hidden. I’m sure that this kind of gaze that my pieces have, the stoicism, I’m sure has something to do with it. And the other thing, though, the people at that time lived in great fear and they all had these beautiful but very guarded faces. Nothing showed on those faces but you knew but there had to be all kinds of turmoil. Now that I look back on it I’m sure that that influenced much of my work. As far as artists today, there’s a lot of wonderful, wacky stuff that’s going on in China now. Every time I go back, I’m just so happy about the relative freedom, which is the way it was before. Everybody’s in art school, everybody’s getting an MFA in the sense that people are trying all kinds of things that we’re not doing so much here anymore. We’ve gotten so tied to the red dots and the sticker that we’re not allowing ourselves to do as much as we did back in school. I’m delighting in seeing some of the installation art that I’m seeing coming out of China. And of course there’s a wonderful painter, whose name I can’t remember, who paints portraits of Cultural Revolution faces. They’re in the grey and white and black. They’ll be like a couple being …?? and the couple is white and black. Only being allowed one child, that child becomes the future and the most precious object that they have. I haven’t been back for a year and half now. I’m hoping to go back again soon. Thank you for the question.

Tyler Rock:

Thank you, Irene.

Rob Geyer:

Irene, I would like to ask you about your installation work. I think we’ve had a decent look at your figurative work. But I haven’t had much experience seeing any of your installation work and I was wondering if you could talk a little bit about what it is and what the theme or thematic is. I have a picture in my head of being something like what Christian Boltanski does, but I’m probably completely off base there.

IF: Well, I wish. It is mostly black and white, as his work is, but what the installation work is, well the last one I did, is a series of huge drawings about 10′x20′ long on dark paper. And it’s actually Tyvek – the white house wrap. Well, they make a grey one too; I forget what it’s called. It’s got fibre and looks like it’s all hairy and fibrous. Ok, so it’s on that, done with charcoal and white conte. So, one reviewer once said it looks like a family slide show like a black and white slide show on the drawings. And the drawings, the last set I did which was called “Scar” which had to do with memory and healing the wound, what I talked about earlier, and art was the scar that was left. And it was drawings of family and each one of them had a different veil on it. One was a little girl that came out of a thicket and that was a picture of me when we just came to Canada. And she looks like she just escaped from something, with a little smile on her face. Over that was a veil of glass glyphs that I had made – things that look like letters or writing but you can’t decipher it. And it has to do with the stories a child is told when they’re little that you hear but you don’t really understand what they’ve told you. So that was one. Another one was a figure with her hands down and with her hands down together like this. (Demonstrates) You see that? And the veins are exposed and she’s got her head down and that’s sort of like an artist when she shows her work. Or he shows his work. You’re so vulnerable; you work with your hands. It’s mostly about the hands, but the veins are so close to the surface and you’re so vulnerable to any kind of mishap but you do it anyway. And the veil on that was these drops of glass – hundreds of them – that sort of came down on it. I pulled some cane and cut it up and hung each one separately. And there was this wonderful glisten. One big drawing was a family picture of my grandmother, my great-great-grandmother and an aunt, just before the war broke out. And it was the most loving family picture I’d ever seen. They were just beaming into the camera, smiling. And the veil I put on that was barbwire about an inch apart strung horizontally. But you couldn’t really see it was barbed wire because it’s such a cliché. It was new barbed wire and you couldn’t really tell what it was until you got almost on top of the picture. So there’s love coming through that. So that was one of the installations I did. And I did some others. I could send you images if you want.

Rob Geyer:

That would be fantastic. I would love to see them. So the veil kind of operates as a kind of lens for the viewer to see things through the way that the glass and light sparkle and enhance the viewing of the installation by the audience.

Unfortunately it was at this point that the Internet problems accelerated and the last part became undecipherable.

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Toronto Artist Cali Balles Wins 2009 RBC Award for Glass

03CaliBalles

Cali Balles, Sketch, 2007, each box is 6 x 6 x 4 cm (Blown glass, sandblasted and assembled)

page-27-balles

Cali Balles, from Toronto, is a graduate of Sheridan College and the Ontario College of Art & Design. She has been a Visiting Artist at Ohio State University and a Resident Artist at  Harbourfront, Toronto. Balles has exhibited in Korea, Canada and the United States. Her work graces collections at the Canadian Embassy in Panama, with the Royal Family of Japan, as well as the private collection of former Prime Minister, Joe Clark. Cali Balles intends to conduct a six-month period of research where she will walk, hike, and explore the hidden landscapes of Toronto. Curious about how the patterns of city structure have developed over time, she is intrigued by the buried neighbourhoods and hidden rivers of her home city. This research will culminate in a solo exhibition in 2010 at the Wall Space Gallery in Ottawa.

www.canadianclayandglass.ca
www.caliballes.com

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COSMOS: Cédric Ginart, Canadian Clay and Glass Gallery

Cédric Ginart, detail of a planete,   photo by Philippe Bouffaut

Cédric Ginart, detail of A Planet, photo by Philippe Bouffaut

Octobre 15th, 2009 à Janvier 10th, 2010

Pour souligner l’ année de l’ astronomie et le 400ème anniversaire de découverte du premier télescope de Galilée, la Galerie Canadienne de la Céramique et du verre en partenariat avec le Périmeter Institute m’ ont proposé de présenter une exposition sur le thème de l’ univers.

Cédric Ginart, distilloscope, photo by Philippe Bouffaut

Cédric Ginart, Distilloscope, photo by Philippe Bouffaut

Cédric Ginart, detail distilloscope, photo by Philippe Bouffaut

Cédric Ginart, detail Distilloscope, photo by Philippe Bouffaut

J’ai saisi cette belle opportunité et avec un regard naïf et personnel, je me suis inspiré du monde des sciences et du fantastique pour réaliser des pièces étranges semblant provenir du passé.

Cédric Ginart, the birth of a universe as explain by a gardener, photo by Karina Guévin

Cédric Ginart, The Birth of a Universe as Explained by a Gardener, photo by Karina Guévin

À cette exposition sont incorporés de vieux appareils prêtés par le Musée de l’ Optométrie de l’ Université de Waterloo, ces reliques avaient pour fonction ,de nous permettre d’ observer, de comprendre et de mesurer ce que nous connaissons et ce que nous ne connaissons pas.

par Cédric Ginart.

Perimeter Institute’s Quantum to Cosmos Festival

www.canadianclayandglass.ca


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COSMOS: Cédric Ginart, Canadian Clay and Glass Gallery

Cédric Ginart, detail of a planete , photo by Philippe Bouffaut

Cédric Ginart, detail of A Planet , photo by Philippe Bouffaut

In conjunction with the Perimeter Institute’s Quantum to Cosmos Festival

October 15th, 2009 to January 10th, 2010

Cédric Ginart makes strange antique devices and contraptions. The unusual objects created by the French-born artist and scientific glass blower at the Université de Montréal, seem to exist somewhere between the worlds of science and the outrageously fantastic. Inspired by actual instruments that might have been used by Galileo, Copernicus, and Leonardo da Vinci, Ginart’s works appear humorous yet archaically functional.

Cédric Ginart, distilloscope, photo by Karina Guevin

Cédric Ginart, Distilloscope, photo by Karina Guevin

The works explore ideas about how humans observe and perceive the world around them. At the heart of the exhibition are a series of 7 bells in which new planets are being ‘cultivated’ and viewers may witness their various stages of growth.

Cédric Ginart, the birth of a universe as explain by a gardener, photo by Karina Guévin

Cédric Ginart, The Birth of a Universe as Explained by a Gardener, photo by Karina Guévin

This exhibition of Ginart’s work is further complemented by the incorporation of authentic antique scientific tools from the University of Waterloo’s Optometry Museum.

Cédric Ginart, aliens glass eyes prothesis, photo by Karina Guévin

Cédric Ginart, Aliens Glass Eyes Prosthesis, photo by Karina Guévin

These artifacts were once used in order to measure, document, and understand the world and cosmos; in effect, to reveal known, unknown, and possible alternate realities of existence.

www.canadianclayandglass.ca

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Espace VERRE 25 Very Fulfilling Years

Espace VERRE, the old Fire Hall #21

Espace VERRE, the old Fire Hall #21

By Leopold L. Foulem

For the past twenty-five years, an old abandoned fire station, situated somewhere between two bridges in a semi-industrial zone, has become an effervescent laboratory devoted to glass art. It has been the constant proponent of a system whereby the student and the material, experimentation and training are at the heart of the mission. This continuous confrontation between knowledge and know-how, questions of why and how-to, constantly fuels and renews the creative process, all the while maintained by a rigorous process of transmitting pertinent and specific information.

During the three-year educational program, the students learn and experiment with an array of techniques used to make glass pieces. These can range from the most utilitarian objects to freeform structures, and can be the result of any or several processes, from blown glass to kiln work. Far from being bucolic, the set up is nevertheless convenient, even efficient. The meticulously clean and well-equipped studios are distributed amongst the three floors, interspersed by a gallery space and a comprehensive specialized library, making this a self-sufficient location to provide an incomparable education in this fiery art form. Visibility and promotion are essential aspects of the services Espace VERRE offers its graduates. In addition to being shown regularly in the institution’s own gallery and its glass showcases, almost each year their work is also included in exhibitions in professional art galleries or art centres, making all the more concrete the links between production and marketing.

For the past thirty-three years, a Montreal based commercial gallery has devoted itself to promoting and showing glass art, while constituting an important benefactor, sponsor and influence for this field. Significantly, Galerie Elena Lee represents many of Espace VERRE’s teaching staff and graduates. Also worth mentioning are the glass collections now being exhibited by the Montréal Museum of Fine Arts, most notably the spaces devoted to contemporary works. These institutions are providing welcome opportunities for glass artists, while promoting glass art to the general public.

Conceived from the start, by its visionary founders François Houdé and Ronald Labelle, as a place of experimentation and education, Espace VERRE has managed to stay faithful to its original mission while broadening its mandate considerably. As an exemplary school/studio, it has always been an important hub for exchange between masters and students, local residents and foreign visitors, artisans and artists, and has become a generator of exciting and beneficial emulation. This is without a doubt the most remarkable facet of the educational program that has been developed, improved and supported by the school throughout its existence. Furthermore, thanks to the encouragement of Espace VERRE, both students and instructors are frequent participants in international conferences. While reflecting on the body of work of the practicing glass masters that form the teaching staff, one is struck by the contemporaneity of their processes. Modern and demonstrative of greatly refined skill, their work earns a distinguished place in the great panorama of international glass art, be it Donald Robertson’s mythological sculptures, Michèle Lapointe’s architectural integrations or Carole Frève’s mixed media sculpted vessels. This spectrum of varied and accomplished work provides the students with great inspiration and incentive to create their own artistic work.

Unique in North America, the Fusion:Transitional workshop was created by Susan Edgerley to support the emerging artists of Espace VERRE’s glass program. It provides opportunities to acquire production experience, marketing skills, and further their research. To this day, one hundred and twenty-two students have completed the requirements of the glass program, including eighty-nine of whom were women and thirty-three men. Another interesting and very conclusive statistic, sixty-three, or almost half, of these graduates are still involved in glass arts, whether full or part time. Some of the distinguished members of the younger generations to have succeeded abroad are Sylvie Bélanger, Maude Bussières, Annie Cantin, Carole Frève, Catherine Labonté, Patrick Primeau, Stephen Pon and Cathy Strokowsky, to name just a few. Every year, master glass artists are invited to Espace VERRE to share their prestigious skills by offering specialized workshops to professional glass artists. Some of these artists come from the English speaking parts of Canada, the United-States, Europe, Australia, etc., such as Lino Tagiapietra from Italy, David Reekie from England, or Philip Baldwin from Switzerland.

The broadening of our view on the world, or should I say worlds, is at the core of the atypical education offered by Espace VERRE. This dynamic pedagogical model has borrowed, amongst others, some of the didactic methods of American universities, and still gives surprising results, twenty-five years worth of surprises and commendable success. A quarter-century of progression merits being highlighted and celebrated. This success also reinforces the importance of objectively evaluating the future direction of the school, especially if it is to remain relevant. Any educational program left to rest on its laurels too long can quickly become obsolete.

Virtuosity cannot be denied as essential, but it easily becomes a handicap. If technical prowess establishes itself as the principal “raison d’être” for an artist’s work, the result may be that it will loose any inkling of soul it may have possessed.

A great challenge will play a determining role for the future of glass art in Québec and for Espace VERRE: following the completion of a solid education, wherein learning by emulation is prioritized, it becomes absolutely necessary that all protagonists be able to, and incited to, broaden the scope of their ambition in a university setting. This is the only way to assure that the next decades will not only overflow with creativity, but also with innovation.

Léopold L. Foulem has been recognized for his prodigious talents as an educator, writer, lecturer and, above all, as an artist. He received the Jean A. Chalmers National Crafts Award in 1999 and the Saidye Bronfman Award, in 2001. In 2003, he received the Prix Éloize, a prestigious Acadian cultural award. He is among the first Canadian ceramists to have his work collected by the Victoria and Albert museum in London, England and the Gardiner Museum in Toronto, Ontario. He divides his time between teaching fine arts in Montréal, Québec, working in his studio in his hometown of Caraquet, New Brunswick, and a busy international exhibition schedule. Espace VERRE will be hosting the Glass Art Association of Canada Conference in May 2010, while Montreal Museums will present exhibitions on glass from April to December 2010, for 2010, Montreal, City of Glass.

www.espaceverre.qc.ca

communication@espaceverre.qc.cq

 

Espace VERRE Celebrates with a Grand Re-Opening Friday, November 1, 2009

Espace VERRE Celebrates with a Grand Re-Opening Friday, November 1, 2009

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Art at Toronto’s Harbourfront Centre

Craft at Harbourfront Centre is the dynamic axis for contemporary craft in Canada and an integral part of the country’s largest public multi-disciplinary arts complex. Harbourfront Centre champions the significance of craft as an art discipline and cultivates excellence, nationally and internationally. Through exhibitions, thought-provoking symposia and lectures, they communicate new ideas and strive to shape perceptions about contemporary craft. They advocate collaboration between craft, design and art disciplines. Craft at Harbourfront Centre offers the only national, post-graduate programme of its kind in Canada that catalyzes artists to explore, pursue and accelerate their artistic potential in a comprehensive artist-in-residency programme and ideal studio environments. They commit to artists through generous subsidy and deliver access to beneficial artistic resources and conditions.

www.harbourfrontcentre.com

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Arron Lowe - Malignant or Benign - 2009. Trans–exhibition installation (each vitrine 1mx1m). Blown and sand-cast glass, copper, acrylic. W 295 cm x H 80 cm x D 50 cm.

Arron Lowe www.arronlowe.com

Arron graduated with honours from Sheridan College’s Craft and Design program and received an undergraduate degree from the University of Ottawa in Classical Studies and, subsequently, a Masters degree from the University of Toronto in Ancient Art History. Arron’s most recent project, Trans, consists of a site-specific installation whose core concept is an examination of beauty.

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Aaron Oussoren - Give & Take - 2008. Cut and kiln-formed glass. H 14 x W 120 cm.

Aaron Oussoren www.aaronoussoren.com /   www.timidglass.ca

Aaron graduated from the Craft & Design program at Sheridan College in 2008. He draws upon his experiences, conversations with others, and open spaces. Printmaking, writing, photography, and glass-working are the techniques he employs when distilling an object from an Idea. Recently, Aaron paired with Sally McCubbin to form ‘TIMID glass’ a design label which produces progressive, functional, and thoroughly Canadian objects.

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Brad Turner - Contour Bowls - 2009. Hand blown glass, cut, ground and finished. Largest bowl - 26 cm diameter.

Brad Turner www.glassturner.ca

Native to Calgary, Brad earned his BFA from the Alberta College of Art + Design. He creates a mix of sculptural and functional glass objects with a strong focus on conceptual originality, diversity, and clean design. Maintaining an honest use of material, Brad’s glasswork seeks to elevate the medium’s unique characteristics, whether it is the rare combination of strength and fragility, the unmistakable relationship with light and optics, or its storied roots in vessel-making and functional design.

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Benjamin Kikkert - Granite Pools - 2008. Sea Lion Point Installation in Situ at Open Bay, Quadra Island, B.C. Blown and hot- sculpted glass. Various dimensions.

Benjamin Kikkert www.benjaminkikkert.com

Benjamin graduated from Sheridan College’s Craft and Design program. From the waters of oceans and lakes to the geology of tectonic plates, Benjamin draws inspiration from the forces that shape these places. He creates objects layered with texture and form that allude to different histories and environments. He describes these objects as marine artifacts and landscapes. Barnacles and seaweeds, encrusted bottles, floats and rock textures synonymous with tidal strata reflect his upbringing in Vancouver.

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Einav Mekori - Cases of Vanity – medium pocket watch - 2008. Blown, cut and sand-blasted glass, brass, chain. H 10 x W 10 x D 5 cm.

Einav Mekori

A native of Israel, Einav initially studied sculpture at the Bezalel Academy of Art and Design in Jerusalem. Having moved to Canada in 2004, she subsequently graduated from Sheridan College’s Craft and Design program. Among her years as a professional glass artist, her works have been featured in several exhibitions around the world. Her current work is influenced by the rich visualization of Victorian styles, and draws inspiration from jewellery and wallpaper designs.

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Clayton Haigh - Hive Tumbler Set - 2009. Mold-blown glass and wood. L 25cm, w 15cm, h 25cm.

Clayton Haigh

Clayton graduated from Sheridan College’s Craft and Design program. His design company, Balance Glassworks, specializes in simple, smartlydesigned glass objects for the home. Under his own name, Clayton experiments with the sculptural properties of glass striving to create raw, organic forms that convey a sense of emotion to the viewer.

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Rachel Robichaud - Unititled - 2009. Blown, hot-sculpted and kiln-cast glass, wood. 29cm H x 34 cm W x 22cm D.

Rachel Robichaud www.rachelrobichaud.com

Rachel graduated from Sheridan College’s Craft and Design program. She sees glass as the perfect medium to pursue the idea of containers and containment. She combines functional and sculptural forms with mixed media and other found objects to create a playground of opportunity for juxtaposed elements to reside. In recent work Rachel taps into the assumptions and preconceptions that we float in day to day. She alternately finds them endearing, flawed, treasured and absurd.

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Irene Frolic, Adviser to the Glass Studio - Autumn Gold - 2008. Lost wax kiln-cast glass. 56 x 23 x 23 cm.

Irene Frolic RCA (Adviser to the Glass Studio)

Irene has created kiln-cast sculpture from her studio in Toronto for over 20 years. Her work is shown internationally and is held in numerous public museums and private collections. The early figurative work dealt with the crust of the glass and was noted for its emotional impact and its exploration of personal history. In her newer work, Irene explores the more formal aspects of glass - its ability to carry light and colour - and has finally abandoned herself to its beauty.

Brad Turner. Native to Calgary, Brad earned his BFA from the Alberta College of Art
and Design. He creates a mix of sculptural and functional glass objects with a
strong focus on conceptual originality, diversity, and clean design. Maintaining an
honest use of material, Brad’s glasswork seeks to elevate the medium’s unique
characteristics, whether it is the rare combination of strength and fragility, the
unmistakable relationship with light and optics, or its storied roots in vessel-making
and functional design.
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News from Galerie Elena Lee

September to October

Susan Edgerley, Unfurl, 2009On September 8, 5-7pm, one of Susan Edgerley’s recent installations, ‘Unfurl’, was unveiled at Galerie Elena Lee.

Susan Edgerley, Unfurl, 2009On September 8, 5-7pm, one of Susan Edgerley’s recent installations, ‘Unfurl’, was unveiled at Galerie Elena Lee.

This work is about complexity; the complexity with which we live, and the complexity within ourselves. The work unites several of these multiple layers together in a poetic visual metaphor addressing the issues related to our existence and our need to find union, meaning and understanding.

The piece speaks strongly about duality; duality within the very essence of our existence.

Glass also is dual, both a liquid and a solid, material and strong; or illusory, fragile and unseen…an ideal metaphor for the human condition.

Light, a vital component in this work, is an extraordinary transformative force, which brings the sculpture to life and completes both the composition and the interpretation. It unites form with formlessness, making each entirely dependent upon the other. There is no shadow without light and the work does not reveal itself in its entirety without its cast. The sculpture was on display throughout September and October 2009.

October to November

Patrick Primeau, Goblets, 2009

patricksplashPatrick Primeau, October 20 to November17, 2009. Patrick Primeau, a graduate from Espace VERRE, has over the years acquired an astonishing mastery in the old Venetian glass blowing techniques: murrini, incalmo, reticello, filigrano and battuto. He constantly refines his skills by working with masters in their field and experimenting with new shapes. What sets him apart from a mere ‘virtuoso’ of his craft is his pure sense of the subtleties of form and his way of transforming traditional practice into a very contemporary interpretation of its sculptural possibilities. It is not astonishing that in 2005 the city of Montréal awarded him the ‘Prix François-Houdé’.

www.galerieelenalee.com

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Hot Time in the Mountains

Inside the tent at the Great Canadian Glass Gathering was a buzz of activity and good music.

Inside the tent at the Great Canadian Glass Gathering was a buzz of activity and good music.

By Joanne Andrighetti

It was billed as three days of flameworking demos, collaboration and networking with other artists in a beautiful mountain setting, and it was all that and a lot of fun as well.

Patrick Vrolyk, aka Redbeard, hosted an event called the Great Canadian Glass Gathering for the second year in a row at his home, a small organic farm just north of Pemberton, BC, on July 24-26. He and a small group of helpers set up a large ventilated tent and workstations, brought in oxygen, propane and glass, and invited all the flameworkers, pipemakers and beadmakers they knew to bring their torches and kilns up and play. Accommodations consisted of camping on site, food was available and demos lined up.

What we didn’t count on was a record-breaking heat wave in British Columbia that week. Daytime temperatures broke 40 degrees, which took away the will to move, let alone melt glass. Fortunately relief could be found in a nearby beautiful mountain lake, and by late afternoons it cooled off enough to allow melting.

The melting went on into the wee hours with lots of information sharing and casual collaboration amongst the participants. The highlight of the weekend was the “heady” piece demoed by Korey Cotnam and Patrick Stratis, whose breathtaking work is on the cutting edge of flameworked glass. While technically functional, a heady piece is designed to show the limits of what is possible in flameworked boro and every year these limits are pushed further and further.

We were also honoured to have the technical expertise of Jeff Holmwood, who over the course of the weekend showed how to build a kiln designed especially for the construction of complex borosilicate pieces.

It was a great weekend full of the spirit of sharing and co-operation that epitomizes what is great about the Canadian glass-making community.

www.andrighetti.com

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Living Glass History: Interview with Irene Frolic/L’histoire vivante du verre, entrevue avec Irene Frolic

Irene Frolic, Time Held Me Green and Dying, 1996

Irene Frolic, Time Held Me Green and Dying, 1996

By Robert Geyer

Living Glass History is a glass history course at Alberta College of Art + Design (ACAD) that uses the internet and video conferencing technology to allow students to interact in real time with artists who have made significant contributions to advancing the Glass Studio Movement. Instructor Robert Geyer developed the course with funding from the Marion Fund for Innovation in Education. Living Glass History is unique because its existence as a department in art schools is relatively new. It is a “seventies thing” and the history of it was (and still is) more about living it than documenting it. It is an oral history and the only way to tap into it is to talk first-hand with the people who made and are making it.

Le cours Living Glass History, offert au Alberta College of Art + Design (ACAD), utilise Internet et la vidéoconférence pour permettre aux étudiants d’interagir en temps réel avec des artistes ayant contribué au développement du verre d’art. J’ai développé ce cours grâce au soutien du Marion Fund for Innovation in Education. Ce cours est unique en son genre et cela n’existait pas, jusqu’à tout récemment, en tant que département dans une école d’art. Puisque le verre d’art remonte aux années 70 son histoire a été et est encore en marche plutôt que d’être documentaire. Il s’agit donc d’une histoire orale et la seule façon de la documenter c’est par des contacts avec ceux qui ont participé et participe encore. Comme la plupart des artistes, qui ont fait avancer le Studio Glass Movement, sont encore vivants, le cours Living Glass History est une excellente occasion pour les étudiants d’ACAD d’apprendre sur le verre en entrant en contact avec des artistes par la vidéoconférence.

Since most of the people involved in the impetus of the Studio Glass Movement are still alive, Living Glass History was a perfect way for glass students at ACAD to learn the history of their medium through interactive real time videoconferences. On February 23, 2009, Geyer and his students interviewed Irene Frolic. She is truly one of the most important people of our Studio Movement. Frolic has used glass to make sculpture for over twenty years and she has an innate understanding of its unique and powerful nature. Her work makes succinct, timely comments on the ideas of art and personal history, the interdependence of beauty and decay and the links between psychology and geology.

Le 23 février 2009, avec mes étudiants, nous avons interviewé Irene Frolic. Elle est vraiment l’une des figures importantes du mouvement d’art verrier canadien. Depuis plus de vingt ans, Irene Frolic incorpore le verre dans ses sculptures. Elle possède une compréhension innée de la nature unique et puissante du verre. Ses œuvres font référence, de façon brève et pertinente, à ses idées sur l’art, à son histoire personnelle, à l’interdépendance entre beauté et décadence, et font des liens entre la psychologie et la géologie.

Preparation for the interviews follows a format that tries to be open ended rather than restrictive in understanding the work of each artist. First, each student does a 3-4 page research paper. The idea is to give each student enough background information about the artist so that they can effectively engage in the dialogue of question development for the interviews. A very close look at the work, artist statements and what art critics have written about the artists is very important to the paper. Frolic submitted photos of her old and new work for analysis. The research papers are discussed and the class spends several hours developing the questions. Each student edits his or her questions one more time.

Pour préparer chaque entrevue, nous suivons une démarche en ouverture plutôt que restrictive afin de mieux saisir le travail de création. D’abord, chaque étudiant doit compléter une recherche de trois ou quatre pages afin de porter un regard minutieux sur les œuvres, la démarche artistique et les critiques publiées. Cela donne plus d’informations de base et facilite le développement des questions durant les entrevues. Avant de faire l’entrevue, Irene Frolic a soumis plusieurs photos d’œuvres anciennes et récentes pour permettre à la classe de les analyser, de discuter de leurs recherches, de développer et de réviser leurs questions pendant plusieurs heures.

The following are excerpts from the interview with Frolic and the ACAD Living Glass History class.

Ce texte est un extrait de l’entrevue entre Irene Frolic et la classe du cours Living Glass History (ACAD).

(For the complete transcript please go to our Bonus pages)

Irene Frolic, Vivid Blues with Black and Amber, 2004

Irene Frolic, Vivid Blues with Black and Amber, 2004

Tina Tremblay: My question is who is your favorite artist today and why?

Frolic: I’ve chosen two people – one of whom is an old chestnut, Picasso, you’ll be surprised to hear, and the other is Lucian Freud. Why Picasso? Such a standard. One of the reasons I admire Picasso is not so much for the constant of his work really, but the fact that he was able to reinvent himself over and over and over again over a very long, period of art making. I think it’s very hard. I think art comes as sort of bursts and gusts. I like to call these sort-of ten-year cycles. An artist usually has one ten-year cycle in which they have some kind of an inspiration. They work it through, they understand it, they reach a pinnacle and then it sort of tapers off. Maybe a slightly better artist can do it twice in a couple often-year cycles. But Picasso was able to do it so many times and even as a very old man (I think in his 80′s, I think he was, or his 70′s) he was able still to find the strength and the fire of creativity in him to push through for yet another body of work. It’s very hard to make a body of work. You have to think about it a long time. You have to express it and to be able to do that over and over and over again – it is really the mark of a great genius, I think. So, that’s why I chose Picasso. Lucian Freud, as you know is a wonderful portrait artist – a contemporary portrait artist who lives in London. And I absolutely adore looking at his work. He paints like a sculptor. He layers things. He forces you to really, really look at his character and you know that he is as an artist who is really, really looking. And that’s the most important thing for an artist and I think he does that really well. And I think for those reasons those are the two artists I admire, at least today. Maybe next week, I’ll think of someone else. I also like very quiet artists like Agnes Martin.

Tina Tremblay : Quel est actuellement votre artiste préféré et pourquoi ?

Irene Frolic : J’ai choisi deux artistes, l’un est un vieux routier, Picasso, cela vous surprend sûrement, et l’autre est Lucian Freud. Pourquoi Picasso ? Un choix classique. Une des raisons pourquoi j’admire Picasso, ce n’est pas vraiment pour la persévérance dans son travail, mais plutôt parce qu’il a su réinventer sa démarche artistique plusieurs fois. Je ne crois pas que cela soit une chose facile. D’après moi, l’art sort en jets, en rafales. J’aime les appeler, en quelque sorte, des cycles de dix ans. Généralement, lorsqu’un artiste trouve l’inspiration pendant ce cycle de dix ans, il essai de comprendre et atteint son sommet, puis décline. Un excellent artiste pourrait faire cela deux fois en quelques cycles de dix ans. Par contre, Picasso l’a fait plusieurs fois et même jusqu’à un âge avancé (je pense qu’il avait même 80 ou 70 ans). À ce moment de sa vie, il a su puiser en lui la flamme de la créativité pour créer une nouvelle série d’œuvres. Ce n’est pas facile de créer une nouvelle série d’œuvres, puisqu’il faut y réfléchir longtemps. Le refaire plusieurs fois est la marque d’un grand génie.

Lucian Freud, comme vous le savez déjà, est un excellent portraitiste, un peintre contemporain qui vit à Londres. J’adore regarder ses tableaux car il peint comme un sculpteur en plusieurs épaisseurs. Il nous force à vraiment, vraiment regarder son personnage, tout comme lui, en tant que peintre, il a vraiment, vraiment observé son modèle. Il maitrise très bien cette qualité primordiale chez un artiste.

C’est pour ces raisons que j’admire beaucoup ces deux artistes. C’est très possible que la semaine prochaine, je penserais à un autre artiste. Par exemple, j’aime aussi des artistes plus discrets comme Agnes Martin.

Irene Frolic, Icarus Dark, 2006

Irene Frolic, Icarus Dark, 2006

Heidi Holt: In your artist statement you talk about the connection in your work between the layered earth and the psychology of the human face. It feels that you are using this to capture the moment between the animate and inanimate in your work. Is this true?

Frolic: I think what I meant about that moment between animate and inanimate in that quote was that it was a moment of stillness that I was trying to capture – a moment of clarity. A moment that is torn between what was and what will be. That moment as of right now, as of right this moment that we are. I call that being inanimate when you’re nothing but just that moment of being there. Sort of pure being. And that’s what I try to capture and certainly tried to capture that in my earlier work. I used to say that my work was mute in the sense that it just sort of was there and there was nothing animate. As you see with the faces, there’s never any expression on them or anything like that. I wanted that expression to come from, in those early works, from the material itself – the metaphor of the glass looking all worn and beat-up as it were. I hope I’ve answered that question for you.

Heidi Holt : Dans votre démarche artistique, vous parlez d’un lien entre les strates de la terre et la psychologie du visage humain. Il semble que vous le faites pour capturer dans votre travail le moment entre l’animé et l’inanimé. Est-ce exact ?

Irene Frolic : Je crois que ce que j’ai voulu exprimer, lors de cette citation sur le moment entre l’animé et l’inanimé, c’est de capturer un moment de calme, un moment de clarté. Ce moment qui existe entre ce qui a été et ce qui sera. Le moment présent, à l’instant même. J’appelle cela être inanimé lorsqu’on existe seulement pour être là. C’est tout comme purement exister. C’est ce que j’ai voulu capturer dans mes premières œuvres. Je disais que mes œuvres étaient muettes en ce sens qu’elles étaient là, inanimées. Comme vous pouvez le constater leurs visages n’ont pas d’expression. Dans mes œuvres plus anciennes, je voulais plutôt que la matière détermine les expressions faciales. Une métaphore sur le verre qui est tout usé et cabossé. J’espère que j’ai répondu à votre question.

Robyn Weatherly: You state that “nothing should go unnoticed, everything should be touched.” What is the relationship between the ideas of tactility and memory in your work?

Frolic: That’s a very interesting question. When I talk about touch in that I don’t mean touch as merely the tactility of touching. What I meant was a touch that is moving you into the understanding of a subject or the taking on of a subject. And I feel that memory is what has been touched. Everything that you think of that you’ve touched is memory. So, I wasn’t really thinking of it in that tactile sense. I wrote somewhere once that memory is transformation and transformation is art. So what the artist has touched is what’s in the artist’s memory is what comes out. And I also wrote once, “Memory is the wound, transformation the healing, art the scars.” So, art is what comes out after you’ve touched your experience, so to speak, or understood it or loved or however you process it in any way – that is memory. And that’s what I meant by touch.

Robyn Weatherly : Vous déclarez que « rien ne devrait passer inaperçu, que tout devrait être touché ». Quelle est la relation entre l’idéologie tactile et la mémoire dans vos œuvres ?

Irene Frolic : C’est une question très intéressante. Lorsque je faisais allusion au toucher, je ne voulais pas seulement dire au sens tactile mais plutôt au sens d’être touché au point de mieux comprendre un sujet ou par la façon de l’aborder. Je crois que la mémoire est toujours touchée. En fait, tout ce que vous pensez avoir touché est aussi dans votre mémoire. Je ne faisais pas référence au sens tactile. J’ai déjà écrit quelque part que la mémoire est la transformation et la transformation c’est de l’art. Alors, tout ce qui touche l’artiste est dans sa mémoire et c’est ce qui en sortira. J’ai également écrit « la mémoire c’est la blessure, la transformation c’est la guérison et l’art c’est la cicatrice ». En quelques sortes, l’art est ce qui surgit lorsque vous avez été touché par une expérience, ce que vous avez compris, aimé ou toute autre façon de procéder. Cela fait partie de la mémoire. C’est ce que je voulais dire par toucher.

Jamie Gray: The transition in material usage, texture and colour in your work seems to parallel a journey taken through your own life. For instance, the early pieces seem tortured, dark; yet your newer work with the long necks and curvaceous faces references, on one level, the stems and buds of flowers. Does this progression in your work document a journey?

Frolic: A journey, yes, it certainly has been a journey. And I think my work, now that I look back at it, certainly documented a journey. It’s always easier to look back at something and put it back together. But I work very intuitively and when I’m working I don’t know until it’s all finished and I look back at it as to what I’ve done. But when I look back at the last twenty years or twenty-five years, it certainly was a journey. And as I said, when I first started, I felt very much as though I was going out there completely on my own: sort of a pioneer. It was still quite early on in the glass scene. We didn’t learn anything about kiln casting because everyone was interested in blowing. So as kiln-casters, we thought we were just inventing everything as we went along. And I also had this outpouring of feeling that I had when I started and at that time I didn’t want to take any responsibility at all for my work. So I would make the piece and then I would put in the window glass, put the copper in. I’ll talk to you later about that process. But I didn’t want to take any responsibility for what the piece looked like when it was finished. It was all so emotional that, as I said, I felt that something was passing through me and I was making work that I wasn’t responsible for, didn’t want to take responsibility for. So the colours came just because of the firing. I had no idea how things would look when it was finished. What it was that I was working through, as many of you know, is that I’m a Holocaust survivor and somehow this whole idea of glass and fires of annihilation and the fires in the kiln and everything, it just took hold of me and held me gently and fiercely for almost ten years while I worked through certain things in my work. There came a time, however, maybe ten years ago, when I felt I had said as much as I could say with that work, through my installations and the pedestal work as well. And I remember one day I was in Paris, and I had always gone to the Picasso museum to see all the figurative works that he had, all those tortured things, and I couldn’t go in. And I just had had enough of it and I somehow I put it away. And then I began to focus on Miro, and other work like that, that dealt with colour and line and form. That’ll come in later. So my newer work is much more designed, as you can probably figure out. There’s more of my hand on it actually, because of the cold working and it’s much more thought out. I choose how things are going to go. I don’t rely on accidents. If an accident happens, I think of it as a problem. I never used to think of it as a problem. I always thought of it as being a wonderful thing to happen. It has been a journey. I’ve been ill for the last few years. I think I’m coming out of a very bad time. And I wanted to make works of beauty, which I think I have, because I thought we need more of that and that’s helpful. I’ll talk about that later. So yes it has been a journey. And I guess in my work, I’m not really separating from my work. I guess I’m making work now that speaks more to me; that speaks to me as I always did. Only maybe I’m looking for different things now.

Jamie Gray : Il existe une transition dans la façon dont vous utilisez la texture et la couleur des matériaux dans votre travail et cela semble illustrer un parcours dans votre vie. Par exemple, vos premières œuvres semblent torturées et sombres tandis que les plus récentes, au long cou et au visage plantureux, semblent indiquer des tiges et des bourgeons de fleurs. Est-ce que la progression de vos œuvres illustre un parcours réel ?

Irene Frolic : Un parcours, en effet, cela a été tout un parcours. Avec le recul, je crois que mon travail illustre ce cheminement. C’est toujours plus facile de réfléchir sur quelque-chose avec du recul, pour reconstruire le passé dans sa tête. Cependant, je travaille de manière intuitive, sans jamais savoir ce que cela va donner à la fin. C’est en prenant du recul que je peux voir ce que j’ai accompli. En réfléchissant sur les 20 ou 25 dernières années, je peux constater que cela a été tout un parcours. Lorsque j’ai débuté, je me sentais vraiment laissé à moi-même, comme une sorte de pionnière. C’était le tout début des arts verriers. Nous n’apprenions rien sur le thermoformage puisque tout le monde voulait faire du verre soufflé. Nous, qui faisions du thermoformage, on apprenait et on inventait en le faisant. Il y avait beaucoup d’émotion au début car je ne voulais pas prendre de responsabilité pour mon travail. Pour terminer une pièce, j’y ajoutais du verre à vitre et du cuivre. Je vous donnerai les détails techniques, un peu plus tard. Je ne voulais surtout pas prendre de responsabilité sur l’aspect final de la pièce. C’était très émotif, comme je vous ai déjà dit. C’était comme si quelque chose me traversait et que je n’étais aucunement responsable. La cuisson déterminait les couleurs. Je ne me souciais pas du produit final. Je travaillais intérieurement.

Comme plusieurs d’entre vous le savez, je suis une survivante de l’Holocauste. Cette idée, qui englobait le verre, les feux annihilateurs et les feux dans les fours, s’est emprise de moi avec douceur et intensité. Pendant presque dix ans, je faisais le point sur certains détails de mon travail. Toutefois, il est arrivé un temps, il y a une dizaine d’années, où j’ai eu le sentiment d’avoir tout dit avec mon travail, mes installations ainsi que mes pièces sur socle. Je me souviens d’un jour lors d’un voyage à Paris où j’avais l’habitude de visiter le musée de Picasso pour voir ses pièces figuratives torturées. Cette fois-là, j’étais incapable d’y entrer, car j’en avais assez. J’ai pris la décision de mettre cela de côté. Je me suis plutôt concentrée sur l’étude des œuvres de Miro et d’autres artistes, pour leurs couleurs, leurs lignes et leurs formes. Je rentrerai dans les détails, plus tard.

Mon travail récent est plus stylisé, comme vous l’avez sûrement constaté. Il y a plus de travail manuel, surtout en verre à froid. Il est plus planifié, puisque je ne me fis plus aux accidents. S’il arrive un accident, je le perçois maintenant comme un problème. Ce qui n’avait jamais été le cas dans le passé, puisque j’étais toujours heureuse d’en rencontrer.

Ce fut tout un parcours. J’ai été malade au cours des dernières années et je ressors de ce mauvais moment. J’avais envie de faire de belles pièces, ce que je pense d’avoir réussi, puisqu’on en a toujours besoin pour notre bien être. J’irais dans les détails plus tard. En effet, ça été tout un parcours. Je crois que je suis inséparable de mon travail. Je crois que je fais des pièces qui me parlent d’avantage, comme je l’ai toujours fait. Toutefois, je ne recherche plus les mêmes choses qu’avant.

Irene Frolic, Winter Tale, 2007

Irene Frolic, Winter Tale, 2007

Diana Fox: The gaze in your figurative sculptures is very interesting. Why are the eyes always cast downward or away from the viewer?

Frolic: That’s a good question. I am also interested in the gaze of the subject. There’s a reason why my heads are turned down and looking down. And I think it related to the fact that an artist has to look in and look out at the same time. So, the figures, by having their heads down are introspective and looking down into themselves and yet of course they’re looking out at the same time. So that’s important. They don’t doesn’t confront. They’re more introspective. So that’s that. And another reason is, I want the viewer to get up closer to it and I’ve sometimes seen, when my work is in galleries, that people bend down and look up in the face and I like that feeling that it draws the viewer in and it’s a moment of power for the artist when you can get somebody to get up really close and to take a very, very close look at the work. So that’s what I was thinking about, which is a very interesting question.

Diana Fox : Les regards de vos sculptures figuratives sont très intéressants. Pourquoi regardent-elles toujours vers le bas ou se détournent-elles du spectateur ?

Irene Frolic : C’est une très bonne question. Je m’intéresse beaucoup au regard du sujet. Je crois savoir pourquoi mes têtes sont inclinées et regardent vers le bas. Cela s’apparente au fait que les artistes doivent regarder simultanément à l’intérieur et à l’extérieur d’eux-mêmes. Alors, les sculptures aux têtes inclinées, qui semblent introspectives, regardent simultanément vers eux-mêmes et vers l’extérieur. C’est très important. Cela n’est pas dans un sens provocateur. Elles sont plutôt introspectives. C’est comme cela. Aussi, j’aime quand un spectateur s’approche d’une de mes sculptures. J’ai déjà observé, lors d’une exposition en galerie, des spectateurs s’approcher de très près de leurs visages. J’aime beaucoup le sentiment que mes sculptures attirent le spectateur. C’est un tour de force lorsqu’un artiste réussit à attirer l’attention du spectateur de très près et durant longtemps. Alors, c’est ce que je pense de cette très intéressante question.

Angela Bedard: During the Holocaust coloured inverted triangle badges were sewn on shirts to identify the reason a prisoner was placed inside a concentration camp. Gay, lesbian and feminist communities have reclaimed the pink and black triangles as a symbol of the fight against oppression. Is there a connection between these usages of the triangle symbol and the use of triangular-shaped bases in your work?

Frolic: Thank you. That was the most interesting question that I’ve ever had. And it really made me think about my work so much more because, no, that was certainly not an intention at all. But I don’t think you students can understand how powerful these questions are to the artist when you ask questions that open up things the artist never thought about. So I thank you very much for that question. But that’s something that I hadn’t thought about. And indeed this new work seriously has very little to do with my earlier work which was more based on that. But, wow, what a question but, no, I don’t think so. The reason they’re triangular-shaped is I’m getting canny as an older artist and I’m learning about colour and glass and it’s thickness, and how to get the most out of form. The things they tried to teach me when I was at art school the first time around and I was so busy pouring out all this work that I didn’t pay attention. So it has more to do with that. But that’s a really interesting question. Thank you.

Angela Bedard : Lors de l’Holocauste, des badges colorés en forme de triangle inversé étaient cousus sur les chemises pour identifier les divers prisonniers dans les camps de concentration. Dernièrement, les triangles roses et noirs ont été repris par les homosexuels, lesbiennes et communautés féministes pour contrer l’oppression. Y-a-t’il un lien entre ce genre d’utilisation du symbole triangulaire et l’utilisation du triangle dans votre travail ?

Irene Frolic : Merci. C’est la plus intéressante question que j’ai eu jusqu’à maintenant. Et cela me fait réfléchir d’avantage sur mon travail. Mais non, ce n’était certainement pas mon intention du tout. Je ne pense pas que vous, en tant qu’étudiants, puissiez comprendre la force de vos questions lorsque celles-ci ouvrent des possibilités insoupçonnées par l’artiste. Je vous remercie beaucoup pour cette question. Je n’y avais jamais pensé. Sérieusement, les nouvelles œuvres n’ont presque rien en commun avec mes premières œuvres. Eh bien, quelle question. Mais non, je ne crois pas.

La véritable raison de la forme triangulaire c’est que je deviens plus futée en vieillissant et que j’apprends plus sur les couleurs, sur les épaisseurs du verre et comment utiliser la forme. Ce sont toutes des notions qui m’ont été enseignées durant mes études en art mais que je n’écoutais pas car j’étais trop concentrée à produire mes pièces. Voilà la véritable raison mais c’est tout de même une question très intéressante. Merci.

Robert Geyer: We’ve noticed a big change in the touch of the hand from the old work to the new work and I agree with you that the newer work has much more of the touch of the hand. Can you talk about the strategy behind that?

Irene Frolic, Garland, 2008

Irene Frolic, Garland, 2008

Frolic: Oh, the design strategy. Ok, well I’m a good Libensky/Brychtova student and they often talked about thick and thin making different shifts in colour. So, yes, the shaft that holds my latest pieces, of which I think I’m only going to do one or two more because, you know, you get tired of it. That shaft with the two triangles is very artfully conceived so that you get a lot of different colour play in it. You can’t see it because I only sent you one pose but there’ll be a thinness up the middle where the two triangles meet and a thickness on the side and then the points that come down. And with this beautiful glass that I use, it all shows as different colour. And then the roundness in the face, the curve of the cheek, and the lips; it just makes the glass look differently than it did. So I pay a lot of attention to that. I delight in that, actually, like a baby. Oh, it’s so beautiful. So there’s a lot of design and years of experience, too, of knowing how it’s going to react. Because if you just make something in glass, unless you over-exaggerate and work at certain modeling of the surface, you’re not going to get your money’s worth. You might as well make it out of some other material – plaster or something.

Robert Geyer : Nous avons remarqué un grand changement dans le travail manuel entre les anciennes et les nouvelles œuvres. Je suis d’accord avec vous que l’on détecte le travail fait à la main vos nouvelles œuvres. Pouvez-vous nous parler de la stratégie derrière cela?

Irene Frolic : Ah, la stratégie conceptuelle. Eh bien, je suis une bonne étudiante de Libensky et il parlait souvent de l’influence de l’épaisseur et de la minceur du verre pour diffuser la couleur. En effet, mes dernières œuvres et certainement les prochaines que je ferai avant de me lasser, tiennent compte de ces préoccupations. La sculpture avec les deux triangles a été conçue artistiquement pour permettre différents jeux de couleurs. Vous ne l’avez pas vu, puisque je n’ai envoyé qu’une seule photo, mais il y a une minceur dans le milieu où les deux triangles se rejoignent et plus d’épaisseur sur les côtés et sur les pointes vers le bas. Avec le beau verre que j’utilise cela fait comme différentes couleurs. C’est perceptible sur la rondeur du visage, aux courbes des joues et des lèvres où l’on peut voir des différences dans le verre. J’y porte beaucoup d’attention. En fait, cela m’apporte beaucoup de plaisir, c’est comme contempler un bébé. Ah, qu’il est beau. Il y a beaucoup de conception et plusieurs années d’expérience, surtout dans la façon dont les choses peuvent se dérouler. Parce que si vous ne voulez que fabriquer quelque chose en verre, à moins d’exagérer sur les détails du modelage de la surface, vous devez trouver un équilibre entre les efforts et le résultat. Si non, c’est mieux de fabriquer cet objet avec un autre matériau comme le plâtre.

Leah Nowak: Your newer figurative work appears to be sculpted/designed so that they “contain” light in the head. Could you speak to the containment of light in these pieces?

Frolic: Yes, I can. I think I sort of started to think about it earlier in the question before. But definitely they’re all about containing colour and light and beauty which are all mixed in together and, as I said, that harkened back to some of that earlier work that I started to turn to –Miro, and the shafts of colour and the line of colour. So, what I’m trying to do is – I’m trying to roll all of this beauty of colour and light altogether into a big, potent package of beauty. Sort of like a pill, a beauty pill that you can take that might cure the world or myself or whatever. I’m trying to make them as full of colour and light as I possibly can. I did a number of series on that and one of them was something that I called Fierce Beauty. I’m trying to make them fiercely beautiful. And fierce means fire-fully intense or passionate, and beauty is grace, symmetry and refinement. I’m sort of trying to roll all these things up into work. I still have a long way to go but that’s what I’m thinking of. It’s like two ideals that exist at the same time, fierceness and beauty. And the line on which they dwell is very active and crackling.

Leah Nowak : Vos dernières œuvres figuratives semblent avoir été conçues et sculptées pour « contenir » la lumière dans la tête. Pouvez-vous élaborer sur la luminosité de ces œuvres?

Irene Frolic: Oui, je le peux. J’ai commencé à y réfléchir avec la question précédente. Définitivement, ces pièces retiennent la couleur, la lumière et la beauté simultanément. Tout comme les pièces de Miro qui ont captées mon attention avec les transitions de couleur et les lignes colorées, j’essai d’incorporer la beauté, la couleur et la lumière dans une grande et puissante vision esthétique. Comme une pilule, un cachet de beauté que l’on peut prendre pour guérir le monde, moi-même ou n’importe quoi. J’essai de les réaliser avec le plus de couleur et de lumière possible. J’ai fait une série de pièces, dont une intitulée Fierce Beauty (Beauté féroce), que j’essai de rendre férocement belle. Par féroce, je veux dire enflammée, intense ou passionnée, et par beauté, je veux dire gracieuse, symétrique et raffinée. J’essai de les incorporer dans un même travail. J’ai encore beaucoup de chemin à faire mais voilà l’inspiration. C’est comme deux idéaux en même temps, férocité et beauté. La démarcation entre eux est très forte et stimulante.

Leah Nowak: Regarding the light in the heads of your figurative work, are you connecting it all to spirituality or are you speaking to a healing or rebirth through that light?

Frolic: That light – I think it’s more of a fierce light that I’m trying to produce, more than spirituality (and I’m not exactly sure what you mean by that term). Healing in a fierce and very active way. And actually when I was very ill, I started the series and worked my head off, so to speak –just to try to be as fierce and active and positive as I possibly could to create them. So, to answer your question, yes to those things but not in sort of a passive way but in a very active artist/ic maker kind of way.

Leah Nowak : En ce qui concerne la luminosité des têtes de vos œuvres figuratives, faites-vous un lien avec la spiritualité ou faites-vous référence à la guérison, à la renaissance par cette lumière ?

Irene Frolic : J’essai de reproduire une luminosité plus féroce que spirituelle, en fait je ne saisi pas exactement le lien que vous faites. La guérison est à la fois active et féroce. Lorsque j’étais très malade, j’ai débuté cette série de pièces en travaillant, à en perdre la tête, en demeurant la plus féroce, la plus active et la plus positive possible. Alors, pour répondre à votre question, oui mais pas dans un sens passif mais plutôt dans le sens d’être une artiste très active.

Jamie Gray: I wanted to ask you if there is spirituality imbued in your work. And I think you answered that a little bit in the positive that you think there is. Is that right?

Frolic: Spirituality and beauty may be in the eyes of the beholder.

Jamie Gray : Je voulais vous demander si votre travail est empreint de spiritualité. En fait, je crois que vous l’avez déjà un peu affirmé. Est-ce exact ?

Irene Frolic : La spiritualité et la beauté sont dans les yeux de ceux qui regardent.

Jamie Gray: Right, right, but I’m thinking that some of your work seems to radiate a bit. Not physically but, see I don’t know how to explain this very well, but I think that by the maker’s hands being all over a piece, something of the maker goes into that piece. And so, I guess that is just what I wanted to ask, if you think there can be a certain type of spirituality that ends up in any work?

Frolic: That is my wish, and my great desire. And of course I would like to say the answer is yes, but only if you see it. I can be as spiritual as I want over my work and that’s sort of what I think I’ve learned after all these years is you have to know how to do it and how to express it in whatever field you choose whether it’s writing or sculpture or painting. So, I wish that were true and I hope it is.

Jamie Gray : C’est vrai, c’est vrai, mais je pense que votre travail semble, en quelque sorte, illuminé. Pas dans un sens physique, je ne sais pas comment l’exprimer, mais je fais allusion au fait que lorsque quelqu’un fabrique une pièce, qu’une partie de lui s’y intègre. Alors, je pense que j’aimerai savoir si vous pensez qu’une forme de spiritualité s’imprègne dans votre travail?

Irene Frolic : C’est mon souhait et mon plus grand désir. Évidemment, j’aimerais pouvoir l’affirmer mais ce n’est que si vous le percevez. Je peux avoir une approche spirituelle dans mon travail, mais ce que j’ai appris après toutes ces années, c’est qu’on doit savoir comment le faire et comment l’exprimer, peu importe la forme d’expression, que ce soit l’écriture, la sculpture ou la peinture. J’aimerais ou j’espère que ce soit vrai.

Irene Frolic, Garland (detail), 2008

Irene Frolic, Garland (detail), 2008

*Irene Frolic is a past president of the Glass Art Association of Canada and a member of the Royal Academy. She maintains a studio in Toronto, Ontario and regularly exhibits internationally. Her work is found in many private and public collections.

*Irene Frolic a été présidente de l’Association du verre d’art du Canada (GAAC) et de l’Académie royale des arts du Canada. Elle occupe un atelier à Toronto en Ontario. Elle participe régulièrement à plusieurs expositions à l’étranger. Ses œuvres sont présentes dans plusieurs collections privées et publiques.

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Merit and Meaning – Another Tilt

Watcher #7, found wood, bent/fused glass, 16"H x 13" x 12", Ben Goodman, 2007

Watcher #7, found wood, bent/fused glass, 16"H x 13" x 12", Ben Goodman, 2007

By Ben Goodman

Whenever I read one of Kevin Lockau’s articles, I am quickly engaged. He asks important questions and presents stimulating views that deserve consideration. In his article in the Winter ’08 journal, he talks about two issues – the need for artists to be aware of the environmental impact of their work and, secondly, how we achieve societal acceptance of our art and of us as artists.

Glassmaking is not a “green” process – not necessarily any worse than many other media, but not any better. Both the manufacture of the raw material (cullet, raw batch, colour bar) and the conversion of this material in hot glass studios to create the work, are both energy intensive processes that can have an undesirable environmental impact. The technology exists to reduce this impact but it does complicate the operation of most small studios. I refer to the potential to use window glass or bottle glass scrap – modified, as a raw material. This “scrap” is usually destined for landfill and is usually available locally saving a lot of transportation costs. I know of one studio that does melt window glass scrap with some success. The larger issue by far though, is the degree to which the desirable societal benefits that result from our art might mitigate any negative environmental impact, and how to attain this societal acceptance of our work.

As you walk through any urban landscape you are confronted with stuff; mall after mall, store after store, gallery after gallery – thousands and thousands of objects. Every imaginable material, colour, size, design, use, non-use! The inescapable conclusion is that the world is over indulged with stuff. The product of our work as artists/crafters can add to this stuff. As artists, making objects provides part or our entire livelihood. It also satisfies our need for self expression. In order to satisfy these needs, we risk adding to an already over-cluttered and indulged world. Can we reconcile our desire for self-expression so that we can make a living and still have a net benefit to society?

The way to deal with this question is to ensure that everything you produce has merit. And I don’t mean in just a casual sense. It has to have real merit. While it doesn’t entirely resolve the question of “overindulgence and clutter”, it does apply a test that should weed out the irrelevant. In the case of functional work, the merit must be a combination of usefulness and pleasure that can give the work honour in its final placement. In the case of non-functional work, the merit has to be in the meaning. It has to represent an important statement, or feeling of the creator. So, honour and meaning – both very positive attributes. As artists, we must each be our own most severe critics. We must edit our work to a very high standard, a standard we establish before we start to work.

A short anecdote from my student days at the Ontario College of Art illustrates this principle dramatically. As part of our final year critique, we were asked to set up a selection of our best work in a gallery setting. The head of the glass department, Karl Schantz, would join us and conduct the crit. We were all pumped up for this important event – a little nervous of course and quite proud of our work from the session just ending. After all, what we had set up, we thought, was the cream of all of our hard work over the last few months.

Karl entered the gallery dragging a garbage can and a large steel pipe. We were a bit apprehensive as these were not the usual props he brought with him to these crits. He then advised that we were to pick out what we considered the two best pieces of work from the collection we had set up. The rest we were to smash into the garbage can! We were all devastated at this enforced “edit” of what we had already thought was the best of our work. Some were close to tears. The point he demonstrated, successfully, was that it is a mistake to allow one’s work to become so precious that you lose sight of the quality and meaning that you had set out to achieve at the outset. This incident occurred over twenty years ago and I have never forgotten this important lesson. Perhaps we could all benefit by having a garbage can and a steel pipe sitting in the corner of our studio – a constant reminder to always strive for quality in our work.

I read a passage in a book some time ago that eloquently states the characteristics of hand crafted objects that can assure them a unique place in society: “the quality of the final piece should embody forever within itself some echo of the maker’s voice, some tremor of their hand, some molecule of their breath”.* Perhaps embodying these qualities ensures the merit and meaning that can give our work a positive place in society.

*From Measure of Love, Christopher Wilkins

Ben Goodman lives and works on Saltspring Island on the West Coast of BC. He is a graduate of the Ontario College of Art – 1990, past President of GAAC (1994-2002) and past editor of the Glass Gazette (1994-2004). These days, Ben indulges in more intellectual, mental art than physical art – another way to avoid adding to the world’s clutter. Perhaps this is a natural “production adjustment” phase that all artists go through over their creative life span. Visit: www.bengoodman.ca

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