COSMOS: Cédric Ginart, Canadian Clay and Glass Gallery

October 1, 2009

Cédric Ginart, detail of a planete , photo by Philippe Bouffaut

Cédric Ginart, detail of A Planet , photo by Philippe Bouffaut

In conjunction with the Perimeter Institute’s Quantum to Cosmos Festival

October 15th, 2009 to January 10th, 2010

Cédric Ginart makes strange antique devices and contraptions. The unusual objects created by the French-born artist and scientific glass blower at the Université de Montréal, seem to exist somewhere between the worlds of science and the outrageously fantastic. Inspired by actual instruments that might have been used by Galileo, Copernicus, and Leonardo da Vinci, Ginart’s works appear humorous yet archaically functional.

Cédric Ginart, distilloscope, photo by Karina Guevin

Cédric Ginart, Distilloscope, photo by Karina Guevin

The works explore ideas about how humans observe and perceive the world around them. At the heart of the exhibition are a series of 7 bells in which new planets are being ‘cultivated’ and viewers may witness their various stages of growth.

Cédric Ginart, the birth of a universe as explain by a gardener, photo by Karina Guévin

Cédric Ginart, The Birth of a Universe as Explained by a Gardener, photo by Karina Guévin

This exhibition of Ginart’s work is further complemented by the incorporation of authentic antique scientific tools from the University of Waterloo’s Optometry Museum.

Cédric Ginart, aliens glass eyes prothesis, photo by Karina Guévin

Cédric Ginart, Aliens Glass Eyes Prosthesis, photo by Karina Guévin

These artifacts were once used in order to measure, document, and understand the world and cosmos; in effect, to reveal known, unknown, and possible alternate realities of existence.

www.canadianclayandglass.ca

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Espace VERRE 25 Very Fulfilling Years

Espace VERRE, the old Fire Hall #21

Espace VERRE, the old Fire Hall #21

By Leopold L. Foulem

For the past twenty-five years, an old abandoned fire station, situated somewhere between two bridges in a semi-industrial zone, has become an effervescent laboratory devoted to glass art. It has been the constant proponent of a system whereby the student and the material, experimentation and training are at the heart of the mission. This continuous confrontation between knowledge and know-how, questions of why and how-to, constantly fuels and renews the creative process, all the while maintained by a rigorous process of transmitting pertinent and specific information.

During the three-year educational program, the students learn and experiment with an array of techniques used to make glass pieces. These can range from the most utilitarian objects to freeform structures, and can be the result of any or several processes, from blown glass to kiln work. Far from being bucolic, the set up is nevertheless convenient, even efficient. The meticulously clean and well-equipped studios are distributed amongst the three floors, interspersed by a gallery space and a comprehensive specialized library, making this a self-sufficient location to provide an incomparable education in this fiery art form. Visibility and promotion are essential aspects of the services Espace VERRE offers its graduates. In addition to being shown regularly in the institution’s own gallery and its glass showcases, almost each year their work is also included in exhibitions in professional art galleries or art centres, making all the more concrete the links between production and marketing.

For the past thirty-three years, a Montreal based commercial gallery has devoted itself to promoting and showing glass art, while constituting an important benefactor, sponsor and influence for this field. Significantly, Galerie Elena Lee represents many of Espace VERRE’s teaching staff and graduates. Also worth mentioning are the glass collections now being exhibited by the Montréal Museum of Fine Arts, most notably the spaces devoted to contemporary works. These institutions are providing welcome opportunities for glass artists, while promoting glass art to the general public.

Conceived from the start, by its visionary founders François Houdé and Ronald Labelle, as a place of experimentation and education, Espace VERRE has managed to stay faithful to its original mission while broadening its mandate considerably. As an exemplary school/studio, it has always been an important hub for exchange between masters and students, local residents and foreign visitors, artisans and artists, and has become a generator of exciting and beneficial emulation. This is without a doubt the most remarkable facet of the educational program that has been developed, improved and supported by the school throughout its existence. Furthermore, thanks to the encouragement of Espace VERRE, both students and instructors are frequent participants in international conferences. While reflecting on the body of work of the practicing glass masters that form the teaching staff, one is struck by the contemporaneity of their processes. Modern and demonstrative of greatly refined skill, their work earns a distinguished place in the great panorama of international glass art, be it Donald Robertson’s mythological sculptures, Michèle Lapointe’s architectural integrations or Carole Frève’s mixed media sculpted vessels. This spectrum of varied and accomplished work provides the students with great inspiration and incentive to create their own artistic work.

Unique in North America, the Fusion:Transitional workshop was created by Susan Edgerley to support the emerging artists of Espace VERRE’s glass program. It provides opportunities to acquire production experience, marketing skills, and further their research. To this day, one hundred and twenty-two students have completed the requirements of the glass program, including eighty-nine of whom were women and thirty-three men. Another interesting and very conclusive statistic, sixty-three, or almost half, of these graduates are still involved in glass arts, whether full or part time. Some of the distinguished members of the younger generations to have succeeded abroad are Sylvie Bélanger, Maude Bussières, Annie Cantin, Carole Frève, Catherine Labonté, Patrick Primeau, Stephen Pon and Cathy Strokowsky, to name just a few. Every year, master glass artists are invited to Espace VERRE to share their prestigious skills by offering specialized workshops to professional glass artists. Some of these artists come from the English speaking parts of Canada, the United-States, Europe, Australia, etc., such as Lino Tagiapietra from Italy, David Reekie from England, or Philip Baldwin from Switzerland.

The broadening of our view on the world, or should I say worlds, is at the core of the atypical education offered by Espace VERRE. This dynamic pedagogical model has borrowed, amongst others, some of the didactic methods of American universities, and still gives surprising results, twenty-five years worth of surprises and commendable success. A quarter-century of progression merits being highlighted and celebrated. This success also reinforces the importance of objectively evaluating the future direction of the school, especially if it is to remain relevant. Any educational program left to rest on its laurels too long can quickly become obsolete.

Virtuosity cannot be denied as essential, but it easily becomes a handicap. If technical prowess establishes itself as the principal “raison d’être” for an artist’s work, the result may be that it will loose any inkling of soul it may have possessed.

A great challenge will play a determining role for the future of glass art in Québec and for Espace VERRE: following the completion of a solid education, wherein learning by emulation is prioritized, it becomes absolutely necessary that all protagonists be able to, and incited to, broaden the scope of their ambition in a university setting. This is the only way to assure that the next decades will not only overflow with creativity, but also with innovation.

Léopold L. Foulem has been recognized for his prodigious talents as an educator, writer, lecturer and, above all, as an artist. He received the Jean A. Chalmers National Crafts Award in 1999 and the Saidye Bronfman Award, in 2001. In 2003, he received the Prix Éloize, a prestigious Acadian cultural award. He is among the first Canadian ceramists to have his work collected by the Victoria and Albert museum in London, England and the Gardiner Museum in Toronto, Ontario. He divides his time between teaching fine arts in Montréal, Québec, working in his studio in his hometown of Caraquet, New Brunswick, and a busy international exhibition schedule. Espace VERRE will be hosting the Glass Art Association of Canada Conference in May 2010, while Montreal Museums will present exhibitions on glass from April to December 2010, for 2010, Montreal, City of Glass.

www.espaceverre.qc.ca

communication@espaceverre.qc.cq

 

Espace VERRE Celebrates with a Grand Re-Opening Friday, November 1, 2009

Espace VERRE Celebrates with a Grand Re-Opening Friday, November 1, 2009

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Art at Toronto’s Harbourfront Centre

Craft at Harbourfront Centre is the dynamic axis for contemporary craft in Canada and an integral part of the country’s largest public multi-disciplinary arts complex. Harbourfront Centre champions the significance of craft as an art discipline and cultivates excellence, nationally and internationally. Through exhibitions, thought-provoking symposia and lectures, they communicate new ideas and strive to shape perceptions about contemporary craft. They advocate collaboration between craft, design and art disciplines. Craft at Harbourfront Centre offers the only national, post-graduate programme of its kind in Canada that catalyzes artists to explore, pursue and accelerate their artistic potential in a comprehensive artist-in-residency programme and ideal studio environments. They commit to artists through generous subsidy and deliver access to beneficial artistic resources and conditions.

www.harbourfrontcentre.com

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Arron Lowe - Malignant or Benign - 2009. Trans–exhibition installation (each vitrine 1mx1m). Blown and sand-cast glass, copper, acrylic. W 295 cm x H 80 cm x D 50 cm.

Arron Lowe www.arronlowe.com

Arron graduated with honours from Sheridan College’s Craft and Design program and received an undergraduate degree from the University of Ottawa in Classical Studies and, subsequently, a Masters degree from the University of Toronto in Ancient Art History. Arron’s most recent project, Trans, consists of a site-specific installation whose core concept is an examination of beauty.

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Aaron Oussoren - Give & Take - 2008. Cut and kiln-formed glass. H 14 x W 120 cm.

Aaron Oussoren www.aaronoussoren.com /   www.timidglass.ca

Aaron graduated from the Craft & Design program at Sheridan College in 2008. He draws upon his experiences, conversations with others, and open spaces. Printmaking, writing, photography, and glass-working are the techniques he employs when distilling an object from an Idea. Recently, Aaron paired with Sally McCubbin to form ‘TIMID glass’ a design label which produces progressive, functional, and thoroughly Canadian objects.

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Brad Turner - Contour Bowls - 2009. Hand blown glass, cut, ground and finished. Largest bowl - 26 cm diameter.

Brad Turner www.glassturner.ca

Native to Calgary, Brad earned his BFA from the Alberta College of Art + Design. He creates a mix of sculptural and functional glass objects with a strong focus on conceptual originality, diversity, and clean design. Maintaining an honest use of material, Brad’s glasswork seeks to elevate the medium’s unique characteristics, whether it is the rare combination of strength and fragility, the unmistakable relationship with light and optics, or its storied roots in vessel-making and functional design.

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Benjamin Kikkert - Granite Pools - 2008. Sea Lion Point Installation in Situ at Open Bay, Quadra Island, B.C. Blown and hot- sculpted glass. Various dimensions.

Benjamin Kikkert www.benjaminkikkert.com

Benjamin graduated from Sheridan College’s Craft and Design program. From the waters of oceans and lakes to the geology of tectonic plates, Benjamin draws inspiration from the forces that shape these places. He creates objects layered with texture and form that allude to different histories and environments. He describes these objects as marine artifacts and landscapes. Barnacles and seaweeds, encrusted bottles, floats and rock textures synonymous with tidal strata reflect his upbringing in Vancouver.

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Einav Mekori - Cases of Vanity – medium pocket watch - 2008. Blown, cut and sand-blasted glass, brass, chain. H 10 x W 10 x D 5 cm.

Einav Mekori

A native of Israel, Einav initially studied sculpture at the Bezalel Academy of Art and Design in Jerusalem. Having moved to Canada in 2004, she subsequently graduated from Sheridan College’s Craft and Design program. Among her years as a professional glass artist, her works have been featured in several exhibitions around the world. Her current work is influenced by the rich visualization of Victorian styles, and draws inspiration from jewellery and wallpaper designs.

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Clayton Haigh - Hive Tumbler Set - 2009. Mold-blown glass and wood. L 25cm, w 15cm, h 25cm.

Clayton Haigh

Clayton graduated from Sheridan College’s Craft and Design program. His design company, Balance Glassworks, specializes in simple, smartlydesigned glass objects for the home. Under his own name, Clayton experiments with the sculptural properties of glass striving to create raw, organic forms that convey a sense of emotion to the viewer.

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Rachel Robichaud - Unititled - 2009. Blown, hot-sculpted and kiln-cast glass, wood. 29cm H x 34 cm W x 22cm D.

Rachel Robichaud www.rachelrobichaud.com

Rachel graduated from Sheridan College’s Craft and Design program. She sees glass as the perfect medium to pursue the idea of containers and containment. She combines functional and sculptural forms with mixed media and other found objects to create a playground of opportunity for juxtaposed elements to reside. In recent work Rachel taps into the assumptions and preconceptions that we float in day to day. She alternately finds them endearing, flawed, treasured and absurd.

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Irene Frolic, Adviser to the Glass Studio - Autumn Gold - 2008. Lost wax kiln-cast glass. 56 x 23 x 23 cm.

Irene Frolic RCA (Adviser to the Glass Studio)

Irene has created kiln-cast sculpture from her studio in Toronto for over 20 years. Her work is shown internationally and is held in numerous public museums and private collections. The early figurative work dealt with the crust of the glass and was noted for its emotional impact and its exploration of personal history. In her newer work, Irene explores the more formal aspects of glass - its ability to carry light and colour - and has finally abandoned herself to its beauty.

Brad Turner. Native to Calgary, Brad earned his BFA from the Alberta College of Art
and Design. He creates a mix of sculptural and functional glass objects with a
strong focus on conceptual originality, diversity, and clean design. Maintaining an
honest use of material, Brad’s glasswork seeks to elevate the medium’s unique
characteristics, whether it is the rare combination of strength and fragility, the
unmistakable relationship with light and optics, or its storied roots in vessel-making
and functional design.
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News from Galerie Elena Lee

September to October

Susan Edgerley, Unfurl, 2009On September 8, 5-7pm, one of Susan Edgerley’s recent installations, ‘Unfurl’, was unveiled at Galerie Elena Lee.

Susan Edgerley, Unfurl, 2009On September 8, 5-7pm, one of Susan Edgerley’s recent installations, ‘Unfurl’, was unveiled at Galerie Elena Lee.

This work is about complexity; the complexity with which we live, and the complexity within ourselves. The work unites several of these multiple layers together in a poetic visual metaphor addressing the issues related to our existence and our need to find union, meaning and understanding.

The piece speaks strongly about duality; duality within the very essence of our existence.

Glass also is dual, both a liquid and a solid, material and strong; or illusory, fragile and unseen…an ideal metaphor for the human condition.

Light, a vital component in this work, is an extraordinary transformative force, which brings the sculpture to life and completes both the composition and the interpretation. It unites form with formlessness, making each entirely dependent upon the other. There is no shadow without light and the work does not reveal itself in its entirety without its cast. The sculpture was on display throughout September and October 2009.

October to November

Patrick Primeau, Goblets, 2009

patricksplashPatrick Primeau, October 20 to November17, 2009. Patrick Primeau, a graduate from Espace VERRE, has over the years acquired an astonishing mastery in the old Venetian glass blowing techniques: murrini, incalmo, reticello, filigrano and battuto. He constantly refines his skills by working with masters in their field and experimenting with new shapes. What sets him apart from a mere ‘virtuoso’ of his craft is his pure sense of the subtleties of form and his way of transforming traditional practice into a very contemporary interpretation of its sculptural possibilities. It is not astonishing that in 2005 the city of Montréal awarded him the ‘Prix François-Houdé’.

www.galerieelenalee.com

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Hot Time in the Mountains

Inside the tent at the Great Canadian Glass Gathering was a buzz of activity and good music.

Inside the tent at the Great Canadian Glass Gathering was a buzz of activity and good music.

By Joanne Andrighetti

It was billed as three days of flameworking demos, collaboration and networking with other artists in a beautiful mountain setting, and it was all that and a lot of fun as well.

Patrick Vrolyk, aka Redbeard, hosted an event called the Great Canadian Glass Gathering for the second year in a row at his home, a small organic farm just north of Pemberton, BC, on July 24-26. He and a small group of helpers set up a large ventilated tent and workstations, brought in oxygen, propane and glass, and invited all the flameworkers, pipemakers and beadmakers they knew to bring their torches and kilns up and play. Accommodations consisted of camping on site, food was available and demos lined up.

What we didn’t count on was a record-breaking heat wave in British Columbia that week. Daytime temperatures broke 40 degrees, which took away the will to move, let alone melt glass. Fortunately relief could be found in a nearby beautiful mountain lake, and by late afternoons it cooled off enough to allow melting.

The melting went on into the wee hours with lots of information sharing and casual collaboration amongst the participants. The highlight of the weekend was the “heady” piece demoed by Korey Cotnam and Patrick Stratis, whose breathtaking work is on the cutting edge of flameworked glass. While technically functional, a heady piece is designed to show the limits of what is possible in flameworked boro and every year these limits are pushed further and further.

We were also honoured to have the technical expertise of Jeff Holmwood, who over the course of the weekend showed how to build a kiln designed especially for the construction of complex borosilicate pieces.

It was a great weekend full of the spirit of sharing and co-operation that epitomizes what is great about the Canadian glass-making community.

www.andrighetti.com

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Living Glass History: Interview with Irene Frolic/L’histoire vivante du verre, entrevue avec Irene Frolic

Irene Frolic, Time Held Me Green and Dying, 1996

Irene Frolic, Time Held Me Green and Dying, 1996

By Robert Geyer

Living Glass History is a glass history course at Alberta College of Art + Design (ACAD) that uses the internet and video conferencing technology to allow students to interact in real time with artists who have made significant contributions to advancing the Glass Studio Movement. Instructor Robert Geyer developed the course with funding from the Marion Fund for Innovation in Education. Living Glass History is unique because its existence as a department in art schools is relatively new. It is a “seventies thing” and the history of it was (and still is) more about living it than documenting it. It is an oral history and the only way to tap into it is to talk first-hand with the people who made and are making it.

Le cours Living Glass History, offert au Alberta College of Art + Design (ACAD), utilise Internet et la vidéoconférence pour permettre aux étudiants d’interagir en temps réel avec des artistes ayant contribué au développement du verre d’art. J’ai développé ce cours grâce au soutien du Marion Fund for Innovation in Education. Ce cours est unique en son genre et cela n’existait pas, jusqu’à tout récemment, en tant que département dans une école d’art. Puisque le verre d’art remonte aux années 70 son histoire a été et est encore en marche plutôt que d’être documentaire. Il s’agit donc d’une histoire orale et la seule façon de la documenter c’est par des contacts avec ceux qui ont participé et participe encore. Comme la plupart des artistes, qui ont fait avancer le Studio Glass Movement, sont encore vivants, le cours Living Glass History est une excellente occasion pour les étudiants d’ACAD d’apprendre sur le verre en entrant en contact avec des artistes par la vidéoconférence.

Since most of the people involved in the impetus of the Studio Glass Movement are still alive, Living Glass History was a perfect way for glass students at ACAD to learn the history of their medium through interactive real time videoconferences. On February 23, 2009, Geyer and his students interviewed Irene Frolic. She is truly one of the most important people of our Studio Movement. Frolic has used glass to make sculpture for over twenty years and she has an innate understanding of its unique and powerful nature. Her work makes succinct, timely comments on the ideas of art and personal history, the interdependence of beauty and decay and the links between psychology and geology.

Le 23 février 2009, avec mes étudiants, nous avons interviewé Irene Frolic. Elle est vraiment l’une des figures importantes du mouvement d’art verrier canadien. Depuis plus de vingt ans, Irene Frolic incorpore le verre dans ses sculptures. Elle possède une compréhension innée de la nature unique et puissante du verre. Ses œuvres font référence, de façon brève et pertinente, à ses idées sur l’art, à son histoire personnelle, à l’interdépendance entre beauté et décadence, et font des liens entre la psychologie et la géologie.

Preparation for the interviews follows a format that tries to be open ended rather than restrictive in understanding the work of each artist. First, each student does a 3-4 page research paper. The idea is to give each student enough background information about the artist so that they can effectively engage in the dialogue of question development for the interviews. A very close look at the work, artist statements and what art critics have written about the artists is very important to the paper. Frolic submitted photos of her old and new work for analysis. The research papers are discussed and the class spends several hours developing the questions. Each student edits his or her questions one more time.

Pour préparer chaque entrevue, nous suivons une démarche en ouverture plutôt que restrictive afin de mieux saisir le travail de création. D’abord, chaque étudiant doit compléter une recherche de trois ou quatre pages afin de porter un regard minutieux sur les œuvres, la démarche artistique et les critiques publiées. Cela donne plus d’informations de base et facilite le développement des questions durant les entrevues. Avant de faire l’entrevue, Irene Frolic a soumis plusieurs photos d’œuvres anciennes et récentes pour permettre à la classe de les analyser, de discuter de leurs recherches, de développer et de réviser leurs questions pendant plusieurs heures.

The following are excerpts from the interview with Frolic and the ACAD Living Glass History class.

Ce texte est un extrait de l’entrevue entre Irene Frolic et la classe du cours Living Glass History (ACAD).

(For the complete transcript please go to our Bonus pages)

Irene Frolic, Vivid Blues with Black and Amber, 2004

Irene Frolic, Vivid Blues with Black and Amber, 2004

Tina Tremblay: My question is who is your favorite artist today and why?

Frolic: I’ve chosen two people – one of whom is an old chestnut, Picasso, you’ll be surprised to hear, and the other is Lucian Freud. Why Picasso? Such a standard. One of the reasons I admire Picasso is not so much for the constant of his work really, but the fact that he was able to reinvent himself over and over and over again over a very long, period of art making. I think it’s very hard. I think art comes as sort of bursts and gusts. I like to call these sort-of ten-year cycles. An artist usually has one ten-year cycle in which they have some kind of an inspiration. They work it through, they understand it, they reach a pinnacle and then it sort of tapers off. Maybe a slightly better artist can do it twice in a couple often-year cycles. But Picasso was able to do it so many times and even as a very old man (I think in his 80′s, I think he was, or his 70′s) he was able still to find the strength and the fire of creativity in him to push through for yet another body of work. It’s very hard to make a body of work. You have to think about it a long time. You have to express it and to be able to do that over and over and over again – it is really the mark of a great genius, I think. So, that’s why I chose Picasso. Lucian Freud, as you know is a wonderful portrait artist – a contemporary portrait artist who lives in London. And I absolutely adore looking at his work. He paints like a sculptor. He layers things. He forces you to really, really look at his character and you know that he is as an artist who is really, really looking. And that’s the most important thing for an artist and I think he does that really well. And I think for those reasons those are the two artists I admire, at least today. Maybe next week, I’ll think of someone else. I also like very quiet artists like Agnes Martin.

Tina Tremblay : Quel est actuellement votre artiste préféré et pourquoi ?

Irene Frolic : J’ai choisi deux artistes, l’un est un vieux routier, Picasso, cela vous surprend sûrement, et l’autre est Lucian Freud. Pourquoi Picasso ? Un choix classique. Une des raisons pourquoi j’admire Picasso, ce n’est pas vraiment pour la persévérance dans son travail, mais plutôt parce qu’il a su réinventer sa démarche artistique plusieurs fois. Je ne crois pas que cela soit une chose facile. D’après moi, l’art sort en jets, en rafales. J’aime les appeler, en quelque sorte, des cycles de dix ans. Généralement, lorsqu’un artiste trouve l’inspiration pendant ce cycle de dix ans, il essai de comprendre et atteint son sommet, puis décline. Un excellent artiste pourrait faire cela deux fois en quelques cycles de dix ans. Par contre, Picasso l’a fait plusieurs fois et même jusqu’à un âge avancé (je pense qu’il avait même 80 ou 70 ans). À ce moment de sa vie, il a su puiser en lui la flamme de la créativité pour créer une nouvelle série d’œuvres. Ce n’est pas facile de créer une nouvelle série d’œuvres, puisqu’il faut y réfléchir longtemps. Le refaire plusieurs fois est la marque d’un grand génie.

Lucian Freud, comme vous le savez déjà, est un excellent portraitiste, un peintre contemporain qui vit à Londres. J’adore regarder ses tableaux car il peint comme un sculpteur en plusieurs épaisseurs. Il nous force à vraiment, vraiment regarder son personnage, tout comme lui, en tant que peintre, il a vraiment, vraiment observé son modèle. Il maitrise très bien cette qualité primordiale chez un artiste.

C’est pour ces raisons que j’admire beaucoup ces deux artistes. C’est très possible que la semaine prochaine, je penserais à un autre artiste. Par exemple, j’aime aussi des artistes plus discrets comme Agnes Martin.

Irene Frolic, Icarus Dark, 2006

Irene Frolic, Icarus Dark, 2006

Heidi Holt: In your artist statement you talk about the connection in your work between the layered earth and the psychology of the human face. It feels that you are using this to capture the moment between the animate and inanimate in your work. Is this true?

Frolic: I think what I meant about that moment between animate and inanimate in that quote was that it was a moment of stillness that I was trying to capture – a moment of clarity. A moment that is torn between what was and what will be. That moment as of right now, as of right this moment that we are. I call that being inanimate when you’re nothing but just that moment of being there. Sort of pure being. And that’s what I try to capture and certainly tried to capture that in my earlier work. I used to say that my work was mute in the sense that it just sort of was there and there was nothing animate. As you see with the faces, there’s never any expression on them or anything like that. I wanted that expression to come from, in those early works, from the material itself – the metaphor of the glass looking all worn and beat-up as it were. I hope I’ve answered that question for you.

Heidi Holt : Dans votre démarche artistique, vous parlez d’un lien entre les strates de la terre et la psychologie du visage humain. Il semble que vous le faites pour capturer dans votre travail le moment entre l’animé et l’inanimé. Est-ce exact ?

Irene Frolic : Je crois que ce que j’ai voulu exprimer, lors de cette citation sur le moment entre l’animé et l’inanimé, c’est de capturer un moment de calme, un moment de clarté. Ce moment qui existe entre ce qui a été et ce qui sera. Le moment présent, à l’instant même. J’appelle cela être inanimé lorsqu’on existe seulement pour être là. C’est tout comme purement exister. C’est ce que j’ai voulu capturer dans mes premières œuvres. Je disais que mes œuvres étaient muettes en ce sens qu’elles étaient là, inanimées. Comme vous pouvez le constater leurs visages n’ont pas d’expression. Dans mes œuvres plus anciennes, je voulais plutôt que la matière détermine les expressions faciales. Une métaphore sur le verre qui est tout usé et cabossé. J’espère que j’ai répondu à votre question.

Robyn Weatherly: You state that “nothing should go unnoticed, everything should be touched.” What is the relationship between the ideas of tactility and memory in your work?

Frolic: That’s a very interesting question. When I talk about touch in that I don’t mean touch as merely the tactility of touching. What I meant was a touch that is moving you into the understanding of a subject or the taking on of a subject. And I feel that memory is what has been touched. Everything that you think of that you’ve touched is memory. So, I wasn’t really thinking of it in that tactile sense. I wrote somewhere once that memory is transformation and transformation is art. So what the artist has touched is what’s in the artist’s memory is what comes out. And I also wrote once, “Memory is the wound, transformation the healing, art the scars.” So, art is what comes out after you’ve touched your experience, so to speak, or understood it or loved or however you process it in any way – that is memory. And that’s what I meant by touch.

Robyn Weatherly : Vous déclarez que « rien ne devrait passer inaperçu, que tout devrait être touché ». Quelle est la relation entre l’idéologie tactile et la mémoire dans vos œuvres ?

Irene Frolic : C’est une question très intéressante. Lorsque je faisais allusion au toucher, je ne voulais pas seulement dire au sens tactile mais plutôt au sens d’être touché au point de mieux comprendre un sujet ou par la façon de l’aborder. Je crois que la mémoire est toujours touchée. En fait, tout ce que vous pensez avoir touché est aussi dans votre mémoire. Je ne faisais pas référence au sens tactile. J’ai déjà écrit quelque part que la mémoire est la transformation et la transformation c’est de l’art. Alors, tout ce qui touche l’artiste est dans sa mémoire et c’est ce qui en sortira. J’ai également écrit « la mémoire c’est la blessure, la transformation c’est la guérison et l’art c’est la cicatrice ». En quelques sortes, l’art est ce qui surgit lorsque vous avez été touché par une expérience, ce que vous avez compris, aimé ou toute autre façon de procéder. Cela fait partie de la mémoire. C’est ce que je voulais dire par toucher.

Jamie Gray: The transition in material usage, texture and colour in your work seems to parallel a journey taken through your own life. For instance, the early pieces seem tortured, dark; yet your newer work with the long necks and curvaceous faces references, on one level, the stems and buds of flowers. Does this progression in your work document a journey?

Frolic: A journey, yes, it certainly has been a journey. And I think my work, now that I look back at it, certainly documented a journey. It’s always easier to look back at something and put it back together. But I work very intuitively and when I’m working I don’t know until it’s all finished and I look back at it as to what I’ve done. But when I look back at the last twenty years or twenty-five years, it certainly was a journey. And as I said, when I first started, I felt very much as though I was going out there completely on my own: sort of a pioneer. It was still quite early on in the glass scene. We didn’t learn anything about kiln casting because everyone was interested in blowing. So as kiln-casters, we thought we were just inventing everything as we went along. And I also had this outpouring of feeling that I had when I started and at that time I didn’t want to take any responsibility at all for my work. So I would make the piece and then I would put in the window glass, put the copper in. I’ll talk to you later about that process. But I didn’t want to take any responsibility for what the piece looked like when it was finished. It was all so emotional that, as I said, I felt that something was passing through me and I was making work that I wasn’t responsible for, didn’t want to take responsibility for. So the colours came just because of the firing. I had no idea how things would look when it was finished. What it was that I was working through, as many of you know, is that I’m a Holocaust survivor and somehow this whole idea of glass and fires of annihilation and the fires in the kiln and everything, it just took hold of me and held me gently and fiercely for almost ten years while I worked through certain things in my work. There came a time, however, maybe ten years ago, when I felt I had said as much as I could say with that work, through my installations and the pedestal work as well. And I remember one day I was in Paris, and I had always gone to the Picasso museum to see all the figurative works that he had, all those tortured things, and I couldn’t go in. And I just had had enough of it and I somehow I put it away. And then I began to focus on Miro, and other work like that, that dealt with colour and line and form. That’ll come in later. So my newer work is much more designed, as you can probably figure out. There’s more of my hand on it actually, because of the cold working and it’s much more thought out. I choose how things are going to go. I don’t rely on accidents. If an accident happens, I think of it as a problem. I never used to think of it as a problem. I always thought of it as being a wonderful thing to happen. It has been a journey. I’ve been ill for the last few years. I think I’m coming out of a very bad time. And I wanted to make works of beauty, which I think I have, because I thought we need more of that and that’s helpful. I’ll talk about that later. So yes it has been a journey. And I guess in my work, I’m not really separating from my work. I guess I’m making work now that speaks more to me; that speaks to me as I always did. Only maybe I’m looking for different things now.

Jamie Gray : Il existe une transition dans la façon dont vous utilisez la texture et la couleur des matériaux dans votre travail et cela semble illustrer un parcours dans votre vie. Par exemple, vos premières œuvres semblent torturées et sombres tandis que les plus récentes, au long cou et au visage plantureux, semblent indiquer des tiges et des bourgeons de fleurs. Est-ce que la progression de vos œuvres illustre un parcours réel ?

Irene Frolic : Un parcours, en effet, cela a été tout un parcours. Avec le recul, je crois que mon travail illustre ce cheminement. C’est toujours plus facile de réfléchir sur quelque-chose avec du recul, pour reconstruire le passé dans sa tête. Cependant, je travaille de manière intuitive, sans jamais savoir ce que cela va donner à la fin. C’est en prenant du recul que je peux voir ce que j’ai accompli. En réfléchissant sur les 20 ou 25 dernières années, je peux constater que cela a été tout un parcours. Lorsque j’ai débuté, je me sentais vraiment laissé à moi-même, comme une sorte de pionnière. C’était le tout début des arts verriers. Nous n’apprenions rien sur le thermoformage puisque tout le monde voulait faire du verre soufflé. Nous, qui faisions du thermoformage, on apprenait et on inventait en le faisant. Il y avait beaucoup d’émotion au début car je ne voulais pas prendre de responsabilité pour mon travail. Pour terminer une pièce, j’y ajoutais du verre à vitre et du cuivre. Je vous donnerai les détails techniques, un peu plus tard. Je ne voulais surtout pas prendre de responsabilité sur l’aspect final de la pièce. C’était très émotif, comme je vous ai déjà dit. C’était comme si quelque chose me traversait et que je n’étais aucunement responsable. La cuisson déterminait les couleurs. Je ne me souciais pas du produit final. Je travaillais intérieurement.

Comme plusieurs d’entre vous le savez, je suis une survivante de l’Holocauste. Cette idée, qui englobait le verre, les feux annihilateurs et les feux dans les fours, s’est emprise de moi avec douceur et intensité. Pendant presque dix ans, je faisais le point sur certains détails de mon travail. Toutefois, il est arrivé un temps, il y a une dizaine d’années, où j’ai eu le sentiment d’avoir tout dit avec mon travail, mes installations ainsi que mes pièces sur socle. Je me souviens d’un jour lors d’un voyage à Paris où j’avais l’habitude de visiter le musée de Picasso pour voir ses pièces figuratives torturées. Cette fois-là, j’étais incapable d’y entrer, car j’en avais assez. J’ai pris la décision de mettre cela de côté. Je me suis plutôt concentrée sur l’étude des œuvres de Miro et d’autres artistes, pour leurs couleurs, leurs lignes et leurs formes. Je rentrerai dans les détails, plus tard.

Mon travail récent est plus stylisé, comme vous l’avez sûrement constaté. Il y a plus de travail manuel, surtout en verre à froid. Il est plus planifié, puisque je ne me fis plus aux accidents. S’il arrive un accident, je le perçois maintenant comme un problème. Ce qui n’avait jamais été le cas dans le passé, puisque j’étais toujours heureuse d’en rencontrer.

Ce fut tout un parcours. J’ai été malade au cours des dernières années et je ressors de ce mauvais moment. J’avais envie de faire de belles pièces, ce que je pense d’avoir réussi, puisqu’on en a toujours besoin pour notre bien être. J’irais dans les détails plus tard. En effet, ça été tout un parcours. Je crois que je suis inséparable de mon travail. Je crois que je fais des pièces qui me parlent d’avantage, comme je l’ai toujours fait. Toutefois, je ne recherche plus les mêmes choses qu’avant.

Irene Frolic, Winter Tale, 2007

Irene Frolic, Winter Tale, 2007

Diana Fox: The gaze in your figurative sculptures is very interesting. Why are the eyes always cast downward or away from the viewer?

Frolic: That’s a good question. I am also interested in the gaze of the subject. There’s a reason why my heads are turned down and looking down. And I think it related to the fact that an artist has to look in and look out at the same time. So, the figures, by having their heads down are introspective and looking down into themselves and yet of course they’re looking out at the same time. So that’s important. They don’t doesn’t confront. They’re more introspective. So that’s that. And another reason is, I want the viewer to get up closer to it and I’ve sometimes seen, when my work is in galleries, that people bend down and look up in the face and I like that feeling that it draws the viewer in and it’s a moment of power for the artist when you can get somebody to get up really close and to take a very, very close look at the work. So that’s what I was thinking about, which is a very interesting question.

Diana Fox : Les regards de vos sculptures figuratives sont très intéressants. Pourquoi regardent-elles toujours vers le bas ou se détournent-elles du spectateur ?

Irene Frolic : C’est une très bonne question. Je m’intéresse beaucoup au regard du sujet. Je crois savoir pourquoi mes têtes sont inclinées et regardent vers le bas. Cela s’apparente au fait que les artistes doivent regarder simultanément à l’intérieur et à l’extérieur d’eux-mêmes. Alors, les sculptures aux têtes inclinées, qui semblent introspectives, regardent simultanément vers eux-mêmes et vers l’extérieur. C’est très important. Cela n’est pas dans un sens provocateur. Elles sont plutôt introspectives. C’est comme cela. Aussi, j’aime quand un spectateur s’approche d’une de mes sculptures. J’ai déjà observé, lors d’une exposition en galerie, des spectateurs s’approcher de très près de leurs visages. J’aime beaucoup le sentiment que mes sculptures attirent le spectateur. C’est un tour de force lorsqu’un artiste réussit à attirer l’attention du spectateur de très près et durant longtemps. Alors, c’est ce que je pense de cette très intéressante question.

Angela Bedard: During the Holocaust coloured inverted triangle badges were sewn on shirts to identify the reason a prisoner was placed inside a concentration camp. Gay, lesbian and feminist communities have reclaimed the pink and black triangles as a symbol of the fight against oppression. Is there a connection between these usages of the triangle symbol and the use of triangular-shaped bases in your work?

Frolic: Thank you. That was the most interesting question that I’ve ever had. And it really made me think about my work so much more because, no, that was certainly not an intention at all. But I don’t think you students can understand how powerful these questions are to the artist when you ask questions that open up things the artist never thought about. So I thank you very much for that question. But that’s something that I hadn’t thought about. And indeed this new work seriously has very little to do with my earlier work which was more based on that. But, wow, what a question but, no, I don’t think so. The reason they’re triangular-shaped is I’m getting canny as an older artist and I’m learning about colour and glass and it’s thickness, and how to get the most out of form. The things they tried to teach me when I was at art school the first time around and I was so busy pouring out all this work that I didn’t pay attention. So it has more to do with that. But that’s a really interesting question. Thank you.

Angela Bedard : Lors de l’Holocauste, des badges colorés en forme de triangle inversé étaient cousus sur les chemises pour identifier les divers prisonniers dans les camps de concentration. Dernièrement, les triangles roses et noirs ont été repris par les homosexuels, lesbiennes et communautés féministes pour contrer l’oppression. Y-a-t’il un lien entre ce genre d’utilisation du symbole triangulaire et l’utilisation du triangle dans votre travail ?

Irene Frolic : Merci. C’est la plus intéressante question que j’ai eu jusqu’à maintenant. Et cela me fait réfléchir d’avantage sur mon travail. Mais non, ce n’était certainement pas mon intention du tout. Je ne pense pas que vous, en tant qu’étudiants, puissiez comprendre la force de vos questions lorsque celles-ci ouvrent des possibilités insoupçonnées par l’artiste. Je vous remercie beaucoup pour cette question. Je n’y avais jamais pensé. Sérieusement, les nouvelles œuvres n’ont presque rien en commun avec mes premières œuvres. Eh bien, quelle question. Mais non, je ne crois pas.

La véritable raison de la forme triangulaire c’est que je deviens plus futée en vieillissant et que j’apprends plus sur les couleurs, sur les épaisseurs du verre et comment utiliser la forme. Ce sont toutes des notions qui m’ont été enseignées durant mes études en art mais que je n’écoutais pas car j’étais trop concentrée à produire mes pièces. Voilà la véritable raison mais c’est tout de même une question très intéressante. Merci.

Robert Geyer: We’ve noticed a big change in the touch of the hand from the old work to the new work and I agree with you that the newer work has much more of the touch of the hand. Can you talk about the strategy behind that?

Irene Frolic, Garland, 2008

Irene Frolic, Garland, 2008

Frolic: Oh, the design strategy. Ok, well I’m a good Libensky/Brychtova student and they often talked about thick and thin making different shifts in colour. So, yes, the shaft that holds my latest pieces, of which I think I’m only going to do one or two more because, you know, you get tired of it. That shaft with the two triangles is very artfully conceived so that you get a lot of different colour play in it. You can’t see it because I only sent you one pose but there’ll be a thinness up the middle where the two triangles meet and a thickness on the side and then the points that come down. And with this beautiful glass that I use, it all shows as different colour. And then the roundness in the face, the curve of the cheek, and the lips; it just makes the glass look differently than it did. So I pay a lot of attention to that. I delight in that, actually, like a baby. Oh, it’s so beautiful. So there’s a lot of design and years of experience, too, of knowing how it’s going to react. Because if you just make something in glass, unless you over-exaggerate and work at certain modeling of the surface, you’re not going to get your money’s worth. You might as well make it out of some other material – plaster or something.

Robert Geyer : Nous avons remarqué un grand changement dans le travail manuel entre les anciennes et les nouvelles œuvres. Je suis d’accord avec vous que l’on détecte le travail fait à la main vos nouvelles œuvres. Pouvez-vous nous parler de la stratégie derrière cela?

Irene Frolic : Ah, la stratégie conceptuelle. Eh bien, je suis une bonne étudiante de Libensky et il parlait souvent de l’influence de l’épaisseur et de la minceur du verre pour diffuser la couleur. En effet, mes dernières œuvres et certainement les prochaines que je ferai avant de me lasser, tiennent compte de ces préoccupations. La sculpture avec les deux triangles a été conçue artistiquement pour permettre différents jeux de couleurs. Vous ne l’avez pas vu, puisque je n’ai envoyé qu’une seule photo, mais il y a une minceur dans le milieu où les deux triangles se rejoignent et plus d’épaisseur sur les côtés et sur les pointes vers le bas. Avec le beau verre que j’utilise cela fait comme différentes couleurs. C’est perceptible sur la rondeur du visage, aux courbes des joues et des lèvres où l’on peut voir des différences dans le verre. J’y porte beaucoup d’attention. En fait, cela m’apporte beaucoup de plaisir, c’est comme contempler un bébé. Ah, qu’il est beau. Il y a beaucoup de conception et plusieurs années d’expérience, surtout dans la façon dont les choses peuvent se dérouler. Parce que si vous ne voulez que fabriquer quelque chose en verre, à moins d’exagérer sur les détails du modelage de la surface, vous devez trouver un équilibre entre les efforts et le résultat. Si non, c’est mieux de fabriquer cet objet avec un autre matériau comme le plâtre.

Leah Nowak: Your newer figurative work appears to be sculpted/designed so that they “contain” light in the head. Could you speak to the containment of light in these pieces?

Frolic: Yes, I can. I think I sort of started to think about it earlier in the question before. But definitely they’re all about containing colour and light and beauty which are all mixed in together and, as I said, that harkened back to some of that earlier work that I started to turn to –Miro, and the shafts of colour and the line of colour. So, what I’m trying to do is – I’m trying to roll all of this beauty of colour and light altogether into a big, potent package of beauty. Sort of like a pill, a beauty pill that you can take that might cure the world or myself or whatever. I’m trying to make them as full of colour and light as I possibly can. I did a number of series on that and one of them was something that I called Fierce Beauty. I’m trying to make them fiercely beautiful. And fierce means fire-fully intense or passionate, and beauty is grace, symmetry and refinement. I’m sort of trying to roll all these things up into work. I still have a long way to go but that’s what I’m thinking of. It’s like two ideals that exist at the same time, fierceness and beauty. And the line on which they dwell is very active and crackling.

Leah Nowak : Vos dernières œuvres figuratives semblent avoir été conçues et sculptées pour « contenir » la lumière dans la tête. Pouvez-vous élaborer sur la luminosité de ces œuvres?

Irene Frolic: Oui, je le peux. J’ai commencé à y réfléchir avec la question précédente. Définitivement, ces pièces retiennent la couleur, la lumière et la beauté simultanément. Tout comme les pièces de Miro qui ont captées mon attention avec les transitions de couleur et les lignes colorées, j’essai d’incorporer la beauté, la couleur et la lumière dans une grande et puissante vision esthétique. Comme une pilule, un cachet de beauté que l’on peut prendre pour guérir le monde, moi-même ou n’importe quoi. J’essai de les réaliser avec le plus de couleur et de lumière possible. J’ai fait une série de pièces, dont une intitulée Fierce Beauty (Beauté féroce), que j’essai de rendre férocement belle. Par féroce, je veux dire enflammée, intense ou passionnée, et par beauté, je veux dire gracieuse, symétrique et raffinée. J’essai de les incorporer dans un même travail. J’ai encore beaucoup de chemin à faire mais voilà l’inspiration. C’est comme deux idéaux en même temps, férocité et beauté. La démarcation entre eux est très forte et stimulante.

Leah Nowak: Regarding the light in the heads of your figurative work, are you connecting it all to spirituality or are you speaking to a healing or rebirth through that light?

Frolic: That light – I think it’s more of a fierce light that I’m trying to produce, more than spirituality (and I’m not exactly sure what you mean by that term). Healing in a fierce and very active way. And actually when I was very ill, I started the series and worked my head off, so to speak –just to try to be as fierce and active and positive as I possibly could to create them. So, to answer your question, yes to those things but not in sort of a passive way but in a very active artist/ic maker kind of way.

Leah Nowak : En ce qui concerne la luminosité des têtes de vos œuvres figuratives, faites-vous un lien avec la spiritualité ou faites-vous référence à la guérison, à la renaissance par cette lumière ?

Irene Frolic : J’essai de reproduire une luminosité plus féroce que spirituelle, en fait je ne saisi pas exactement le lien que vous faites. La guérison est à la fois active et féroce. Lorsque j’étais très malade, j’ai débuté cette série de pièces en travaillant, à en perdre la tête, en demeurant la plus féroce, la plus active et la plus positive possible. Alors, pour répondre à votre question, oui mais pas dans un sens passif mais plutôt dans le sens d’être une artiste très active.

Jamie Gray: I wanted to ask you if there is spirituality imbued in your work. And I think you answered that a little bit in the positive that you think there is. Is that right?

Frolic: Spirituality and beauty may be in the eyes of the beholder.

Jamie Gray : Je voulais vous demander si votre travail est empreint de spiritualité. En fait, je crois que vous l’avez déjà un peu affirmé. Est-ce exact ?

Irene Frolic : La spiritualité et la beauté sont dans les yeux de ceux qui regardent.

Jamie Gray: Right, right, but I’m thinking that some of your work seems to radiate a bit. Not physically but, see I don’t know how to explain this very well, but I think that by the maker’s hands being all over a piece, something of the maker goes into that piece. And so, I guess that is just what I wanted to ask, if you think there can be a certain type of spirituality that ends up in any work?

Frolic: That is my wish, and my great desire. And of course I would like to say the answer is yes, but only if you see it. I can be as spiritual as I want over my work and that’s sort of what I think I’ve learned after all these years is you have to know how to do it and how to express it in whatever field you choose whether it’s writing or sculpture or painting. So, I wish that were true and I hope it is.

Jamie Gray : C’est vrai, c’est vrai, mais je pense que votre travail semble, en quelque sorte, illuminé. Pas dans un sens physique, je ne sais pas comment l’exprimer, mais je fais allusion au fait que lorsque quelqu’un fabrique une pièce, qu’une partie de lui s’y intègre. Alors, je pense que j’aimerai savoir si vous pensez qu’une forme de spiritualité s’imprègne dans votre travail?

Irene Frolic : C’est mon souhait et mon plus grand désir. Évidemment, j’aimerais pouvoir l’affirmer mais ce n’est que si vous le percevez. Je peux avoir une approche spirituelle dans mon travail, mais ce que j’ai appris après toutes ces années, c’est qu’on doit savoir comment le faire et comment l’exprimer, peu importe la forme d’expression, que ce soit l’écriture, la sculpture ou la peinture. J’aimerais ou j’espère que ce soit vrai.

Irene Frolic, Garland (detail), 2008

Irene Frolic, Garland (detail), 2008

*Irene Frolic is a past president of the Glass Art Association of Canada and a member of the Royal Academy. She maintains a studio in Toronto, Ontario and regularly exhibits internationally. Her work is found in many private and public collections.

*Irene Frolic a été présidente de l’Association du verre d’art du Canada (GAAC) et de l’Académie royale des arts du Canada. Elle occupe un atelier à Toronto en Ontario. Elle participe régulièrement à plusieurs expositions à l’étranger. Ses œuvres sont présentes dans plusieurs collections privées et publiques.

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Merit and Meaning – Another Tilt

Watcher #7, found wood, bent/fused glass, 16"H x 13" x 12", Ben Goodman, 2007

Watcher #7, found wood, bent/fused glass, 16"H x 13" x 12", Ben Goodman, 2007

By Ben Goodman

Whenever I read one of Kevin Lockau’s articles, I am quickly engaged. He asks important questions and presents stimulating views that deserve consideration. In his article in the Winter ’08 journal, he talks about two issues – the need for artists to be aware of the environmental impact of their work and, secondly, how we achieve societal acceptance of our art and of us as artists.

Glassmaking is not a “green” process – not necessarily any worse than many other media, but not any better. Both the manufacture of the raw material (cullet, raw batch, colour bar) and the conversion of this material in hot glass studios to create the work, are both energy intensive processes that can have an undesirable environmental impact. The technology exists to reduce this impact but it does complicate the operation of most small studios. I refer to the potential to use window glass or bottle glass scrap – modified, as a raw material. This “scrap” is usually destined for landfill and is usually available locally saving a lot of transportation costs. I know of one studio that does melt window glass scrap with some success. The larger issue by far though, is the degree to which the desirable societal benefits that result from our art might mitigate any negative environmental impact, and how to attain this societal acceptance of our work.

As you walk through any urban landscape you are confronted with stuff; mall after mall, store after store, gallery after gallery – thousands and thousands of objects. Every imaginable material, colour, size, design, use, non-use! The inescapable conclusion is that the world is over indulged with stuff. The product of our work as artists/crafters can add to this stuff. As artists, making objects provides part or our entire livelihood. It also satisfies our need for self expression. In order to satisfy these needs, we risk adding to an already over-cluttered and indulged world. Can we reconcile our desire for self-expression so that we can make a living and still have a net benefit to society?

The way to deal with this question is to ensure that everything you produce has merit. And I don’t mean in just a casual sense. It has to have real merit. While it doesn’t entirely resolve the question of “overindulgence and clutter”, it does apply a test that should weed out the irrelevant. In the case of functional work, the merit must be a combination of usefulness and pleasure that can give the work honour in its final placement. In the case of non-functional work, the merit has to be in the meaning. It has to represent an important statement, or feeling of the creator. So, honour and meaning – both very positive attributes. As artists, we must each be our own most severe critics. We must edit our work to a very high standard, a standard we establish before we start to work.

A short anecdote from my student days at the Ontario College of Art illustrates this principle dramatically. As part of our final year critique, we were asked to set up a selection of our best work in a gallery setting. The head of the glass department, Karl Schantz, would join us and conduct the crit. We were all pumped up for this important event – a little nervous of course and quite proud of our work from the session just ending. After all, what we had set up, we thought, was the cream of all of our hard work over the last few months.

Karl entered the gallery dragging a garbage can and a large steel pipe. We were a bit apprehensive as these were not the usual props he brought with him to these crits. He then advised that we were to pick out what we considered the two best pieces of work from the collection we had set up. The rest we were to smash into the garbage can! We were all devastated at this enforced “edit” of what we had already thought was the best of our work. Some were close to tears. The point he demonstrated, successfully, was that it is a mistake to allow one’s work to become so precious that you lose sight of the quality and meaning that you had set out to achieve at the outset. This incident occurred over twenty years ago and I have never forgotten this important lesson. Perhaps we could all benefit by having a garbage can and a steel pipe sitting in the corner of our studio – a constant reminder to always strive for quality in our work.

I read a passage in a book some time ago that eloquently states the characteristics of hand crafted objects that can assure them a unique place in society: “the quality of the final piece should embody forever within itself some echo of the maker’s voice, some tremor of their hand, some molecule of their breath”.* Perhaps embodying these qualities ensures the merit and meaning that can give our work a positive place in society.

*From Measure of Love, Christopher Wilkins

Ben Goodman lives and works on Saltspring Island on the West Coast of BC. He is a graduate of the Ontario College of Art – 1990, past President of GAAC (1994-2002) and past editor of the Glass Gazette (1994-2004). These days, Ben indulges in more intellectual, mental art than physical art – another way to avoid adding to the world’s clutter. Perhaps this is a natural “production adjustment” phase that all artists go through over their creative life span. Visit: www.bengoodman.ca

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More Punty Talk

Crown punty on 1 inch diameter rod

Crown punty on 1 inch diameter rod

By Blaise Campbell

Having the rod you gather on the right temperature.

For some things you want the rod to be hot, sometimes medium, sometimes cold. You have to be aware of how the temperature affects what you do. If, for example, you are making a small, delicate and thin cup you will need to make the punty with a very small gather of glass on a small rod. A common mistake is to gather on a punty rod that is not hot enough. For a small punty you need a very small amount of glass, and if the rod is cold it will take a lot of the heat away from the inside of the gather, and then if you go to the marver to shape the punty you take the heat away from the outside of the gather so that tiny mass of glass freezes very quickly. You end up not having enough time to shape the punty, and get a good shape, because you lose the heat so quickly. As a result you end up spending more time at the glory hole trying to get the punty hot. When you are learning how to make punties you generally spend a little more time shaping so it is a good idea when working with smaller bits of glass to have the rod a little hotter. On a bigger punty where there is more mass, if you gather too hot you run into the problem of having to wait for the glass to cool down on the inside. It can also result in a lot of movement in the punty when you attach it to the bottom of a piece, which is not always desirable. The whole issue here is having the temperature right, what I refer to as skin heat and core heat. These are two different things, where the outside temperature is hotter then the inside or the inside hotter then the outside.

It seems there are as many different types of punties as there are glassblowers. And there are as many opinions on what is the best. I’m not here to tell what is best but to state that if what you do works for you then that’s great, but it is important to understand why it works and also that there is really no good excuse (other than lack of experience) for losing work to poor punties. Sure we all lose pieces from time to time for lack of focus or bad mojo, but if you are losing pieces time and again with no cure in sight, you need to develop some awareness. There are fundamental forces at play that you control and you need to be aware of the “cause and effect” of your relationship to them. Keep in mind that every situation is different and variables are constantly changing. This is perhaps the frustration and the allure of hot glass. It’s all very decipherable and predictable if you take the time to question and to look. Once you can begin to apply this understanding you can become more confident in what you do. You can relax and slow down when things heat up. The best glassworkers keep calm because they are in control of the situation and can predict what the glass will do because they know. This basic state is the key to realizing your potential. Next time we will look at two or three very different punty situations and break them down for you.

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From the President

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By Brad Copping

So I find myself here again on the shore of Tangamong a year after taking on this role of President GAAC (anyone remember President Gas by The Psychedelic Furs) with a chartreuse bag full of the future on my shoulder.  It was an amazing sight to see all the Canadians at the GAS Conference in Corning in June, wandering through the conference venues with these bright green bags promoting our Montréal Conference. It was a brilliant idea that garnered much attention and my hat goes off to all the people around Espace VERRE who made it happen.  I only wish I could have figured out how to make it into an outfit for the fashion show… lederhosen maybe.  I’d like to share a part of an email I received after GAS from Steve Tippin, a Canadian MFA student who just finished his first year at RIT.

Une fois de plus, je suis sur le bord du lac Tangamong, un an après avoir accepté le poste de président du GAAC (est-ce que quelqu’un se souvient de la chanson President Gas des Psychedelic Furs), avec un sac vert lime sur les épaules rempli d’événements à venir. Ce fut un grand plaisir de voir tous les canadiens au congrès du GAS, en juin dernier, se promener avec de beaux sacs verts brillants annonçant notre prochain congrès à Montréal. Quelle brillante idée pour attirer l’attention, et chapeau à l’équipe d’Espace VERRE qui a réalisé ce projet. J’aurais aimé en faire un costume tyrolien (lederhosen) pour le Glass Fashion Show. J’aimerais vous faire part d’un courriel reçu de Steve Tippin suite au congrès du GAS. Il est étudiant canadien et a complété sa 1e année de maîtrise en beaux-arts au RIT (Rochester Institute of Technology)

“It felt so great to be surrounded by my old Canadian friends and I am thankful to have made many new friends from Espace VERRE during the conference.  It wasn’t just about the Canadian partying either. I noticed that all of my favorite things about GAS involved at least one of my fellow countrymen (or was at least moderated by one). The lecture by Irene Frolic hit the nail on the head of all of the emotions that I have been feeling – like she was looking right through the ice shield that I had built up over the past year being away from home and hearing her speak  filled me with such Canadian pride.  The Glass Fashion Show was filled with many fantastic costumes by Canadian artists.  Not to mention that Laura Donefer put it together.  And who could forget how fantastic Benji was as he danced his costume off, to kick off the event?  Even the Student show had a good percentage of Canadian entries. We took over bars, hotels, restaurants, conversations and sidewalks.  My only complaint about the conference is that my nametag did not say Canada. That is the only thing that I (proudly) wished I could have changed.”

“J’ai ressenti un grand plaisir lors du congrès d’être entouré de vieux copains canadiens, en plus d’avoir fait plusieurs nouveaux amis d’Espace VERRE. Ce n’est pas seulement parce ce que les canadiens sont des fêtards. En fait, je me suis aperçu que tout ce que j’ai aimé durant le congrès du GAS avait été organisé ou impliquait un compatriote. La conférence d’Irene Frolic a mis le doigt sur toutes mes émotions ressenties au cours de la dernière année loin de chez moi. C’est comme si elle avait transpercé le mur de glace que je m’étais bâti et cela me remplissait d’une grande fierté d’être canadien. Le Glass Fashion Show présentait plusieurs costumes fantastiques créés par des artistes canadiens, sans oublier de mentionner Laura Donefer l’organisatrice. Comment oublier Benji lorsqu’il a enlevé son costume en dansant à l’ouverture de l’événement ? Même l’exposition d’oeuvres d’étudiants avait une forte présence canadienne. Nous avons envahi les bars, les hôtels, les restaurants, les conversations et les trottoirs. Le seul reproche que je peux apporter à ce congrès, c’est que ma cocarde ne mentionnait pas Canada avec mon nom. C’est le seul détail que j’aurais changé avec fierté.”

I encourage you to have a good look at the Montréal Conference brochure that has accompanied this mailing to see what has been planned for May 2010, including some amazing workshop opportunities.  Make plans to attend (You have to have a party!).

Je vous encourage à consulter le dépliant du congrès du GAAC à Montréal inclus dans cet envoi. Vous pouvez voir la programmation du congrès en mai 2010 avec la liste d’ateliers de perfectionnement incroyables. Faites vos préparatifs pour participer. (Il faut fêter cela !).

The other part of the future the volunteers at GAAC and designer Andrew Gene of Angle Reserve have been working hard at is the development of GAAC’s new web site and the new online magazine.  As a member you now have access to a self-maintained page in the artist directory, no extra fees involved, and the price of a membership is not changing.  You can change your images, artist statement and links as you need to; the idea is to stay current.  And to make things even easier, there is now an online membership payment method that will also work for paying those conference and workshop fees and also help you stay current.  The new online Canadian Contemporary Glass, which is available to the world at www.glassartcanada.ca/mag (check it out!), features all of the content that the quarterly has plus more current news and rich media content such as audio and video.  Articles will be added on a more as-they-happen basis and will also expand into social networks, blogs, etc in order to increase visibility.  Unfortunately this does mean the end of the hard copy magazine and, while I too will miss the feel of paper in my hand, we need to consider the possibilities this technology provides to connect with a broader audience.  These are the tools of the future we need to embrace in order to make our passion for an ancient material survive and thrive.

Pour faire avancer l’organisme vers l’avenir, plusieurs bénévoles du GAAC ainsi que le designer Andrew Gene d’Angle Reserve travaillent très fort pour développer notre nouveau site Internet ainsi qu’un magazine virtuel. En tant que membre, vous avez accès à une page personnelle dans le répertoire des artistes. Le prix de la cotisation des membres ne changera pas. Vous pouvez librement modifier vos images, votre démarche artistique ainsi que vos liens, afin que votre dossier soit toujours à jour. Pour faciliter vos transactions, vous pouvez maintenant payer directement en ligne votre cotisation, votre inscription aux congrès et aux ateliers. Cette nouvelle forme virtuelle du magazine Verre Contemporain Canadien est maintenant disponible au monde entier sur notre site Internet : www.glassartcanada.ca (allez le voir !). Il sera semblable à la version papier mais contiendra plus d’informations sur l’actualité et de nombreux avantages grâce aux médias audio et vidéo. Les articles seront changés plus fréquemment selon leur rythme d’arrivée, permettant d’élargir le réseau social, la création de blogs, une plus grande visibilité, etc. Malheureusement, cela signifie la fin du magazine imprimé sur papier. Je dois vous avouer que la sensation des feuilles de papiers sur mes doigts va me manquer beaucoup. Toutefois, nous devons penser aux possibilités qu’apportent la technologie informatique et cette ouverture vers un public élargi. Après tout, ce sont des outils d’avenir que nous devons adopter afin de s’assurer que notre passion pour ce matériau si ancien, se poursuivre et se développe.

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Tilting At Wind Turbines

Venus Unleashes Her Vulcan Dogs. Kevin Lockau. Cast glass, cast aluminum, wood, pigments. 99x69x36 cm. Photo by studio105photography.com

Venus Unleashes Her Vulcan Dogs. Kevin Lockau. Cast glass, cast aluminum, wood, pigments. 99x69x36 cm. Photo by studio105photography.com

By Kevin Lockau

I never could get through Cervantes’ allegorical classic. I have tried several times without creasing the spine. But I do have my sympathies or shared illusions with Don Quixote. Unlike Quixote, I am ‘deliberately’ trying to reinvent myself – twenty some years of working with cast glass, twenty of learning from students, twenty of making sculpture that asks questions about our culture. The only thing that I know for damn sure is that I know nothing with certainty. I couldn’t justify charging a windmill, and yet, here I am, tilting a bit.

Prior to this autumn, the Canadian conscious hit the ground running with the issue of global warming. We were over denial and taking it personally. It seemed like a bedrock shift had taken place. How we live, work, travel and consume was called into question and a carbon-footprint tag was annotated to just about everything.

When this current financial ‘crisis’ hit, fewer references to the environment held even a CBC audience, but at the time, and hopefully again soon, the public was talking green.

Christy Haldane, curator and glass artist, was actively walking the walk. It was her e-mail call for entry for a sculpture show challenging artists to use one of the ‘last six’ (or was it six hundred and sixty-six) materials that are destined to be land filled and not processed in even ambitious recycling programs that caught my attention. My private response was to critically look at the materials I use in my own sculptural work – especially glass. I began to feel more than a bit morally hypocritical.

Does the world need to burn fossil fuels to make decorative glass? The cullet to make that glass transported from where? China, for some. Coloured with German glass rods and powders, you cagily ventilate skyward because you know it’s foolish to breathe in the studio yet are OK to piss in the ocean of atmosphere? While environmental impact is applied to everything we do, it is more than symbolic when it is applied to your livelihood. It is more hypocritical when the objects we make of glass serve to reference the land and have some dialogue with issues of the environment. Yes, every activity has an impact, every material has its impact, but does the world need your creative skills and talents applied to this material?

While these questions are contemporary, they are not originally mine. My consciousness was awakened by (then) Sheridan students such as Sally McCubbin and the following year by Marcia Christie. As an instructor, I at first found the mire of environmental questioning very frustrating, and assumed bull-headedly and naively that it was symptomatic of creative stagnation – a virus that over-summered in the third year room. I never imagined that I myself would be infected when I took it home to work on sculpture full time. I don’t know if Stefan Dion ever visited the glass studio at Sheridan, but during the last federal election…for him a mutation of that virus proved fatal.

My ongoing series of sculptures inspired by Canadian landscape metamorphosed to become representative of my changing attitude and acceptance of the cultural greening and my own responsibility as a citizen. I believe one of the roles of any artist is to make visual the mythologies of our times; I wrestled with my sculpture to flesh this changing attitude, and especially to make it personal – if only for myself.

If art, and I include all arts, can create a discourse about who we are or, more importantly, of whom we aspire to be, it is of value to the greater society. Arts and culture in the broadest sense are important. Wasn’t this why we crowed indignant over Harper’s remarks about elitist chi-chi vernisages at the taxpayer’s expense? He was voicing the opinion that ‘Joe Plumber,’ or in my neighbourhood ‘Bob the Bushworker,’ and ultimately our Head of State, thinks that what we do is irrelevant. In many ways, he was right.

Joe Blow wouldn’t give a cold punty to the environment if he feels the big hand on his paycheck. That Joe Plumber thinks that renewable energy is fantastic as long as the wind turbines are out of sight of home and hunt-camp. That Bob the Bushworker is alienated, somewhat hostile and definitely suspicious of artists…’whatever it is that they do.’ And we have ourselves to blame.

The political morticians said that the Liberals (and, by default, the Greens) didn’t sell the green shift properly to Canadians. We, as creative people, as makers, artists, designers, craftspeople (it’s a big camp), don’t sell ourselves well to the broad public either. And if we don’t care about this – then we are elitists.

Most of the public taste is eighty years behind the times in painting and sculpture. If you think that as a maker of production glass that this doesn’t apply to you, then think again. As creative people, we all share the possibility and responsibility of what we make. Does the culture we live in value the ‘made by hand’? Does it appreciate or understand the design process behind the work, the materials used, or care about your concept? Whose voice speaks for the importance of what we do? Whose voice speaks for you? Is the voice local and organic (yours), or sold packaged and government approved (a council), or is it the iconic and global Chihully’s that even Bob the Bushworker has seen on TV? Whose face do your neighbours think of when they imagine an artist?

By accepting the full mantle of this creative life, we share in its potential. This challenge is not to be taken only for your ego, but to share your skills to strengthen the community in which you live. Your creative and problem solving skills could be invaluable not only to issues beyond the arts specialty but to your wider interests and concerns.

Our art and culture can define us as a nation and tilt our perceptions of beauty, of value or of being a citizen. That is work worth making. Perhaps that is worth a centimeter of melted permafrost.

Kevin Lockau is a sculptor in cast glass and granite. As well, he is resolving ideas using waste carpet and also waste milled wood. Volunteering free time, labour and skills has helped him find a sense of community in the Hastings Highlands in Ontario where he lives.


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Tenuous Tenacity, Glazen Huis, Belgium.

Strays, Kevin Lockau, 2009

Strays, Kevin Lockau, 2009

By Yukio Yamada

The Glass House in Belgium annually focuses on glass from a different country through exhibitions, lectures, demonstrations, workshops and performances. This year, they presented contemporary glass from Canada in an exhibition titled ‘Tenuous Tenacity’.  Glass itself can be both a tenuous and a tenacious material and the works in this exhibition illuminate a depth to both of these qualities.  The work was selected for inclusion in the exhibition because it is made by people with the tenuous or rare tenacity to keep putting their ideas into the work they make with glass, whether art, craft or design.

When Belgians think of Canada they are quick to think of snow and severe cold, grand landscapes, impressive mountains, beavers, bears and moose. So it seems almost obvious that the overwhelming countryside and all its iconography will also affect the arts, the crafts and design in Canada. But are there characteristic techniques, forms and colors, or ideas, which are specific to Canadian glass? Is there more than the geographic origin, which makes this glass Canadian?

Seventeen Canadians across several generations of artists and designers were selected to participate in the exhibition.  A varied mix of established artists and upcoming talents defines ‘Contemporary Canadian Glass.’  They explore the boundaries of form as well as content.

Fence Studies, Aaron Oussoren, 2008

Fence Studies, Aaron Oussoren, 2008

Participating artists are: Catherine HIBBITS, Rika HAWES, Jocelyne PRINCE, Susan RANKIN, Aaron OUSSOREN, Brad TURNER, Sally MCCUBBIN, Katherine GRAY, Rachael WONG, Karli SEARS, Ione THORKELSSON, Tyler ROCK, John Paul ROBINSON, Michèle LAPOINTE, Carole PILON, Kevin LOCKAU, Brad COPPING.

The exhibition ‘Tenuous Tenacity,’ co-curated by Jeroen Maes and Brad Copping, opened to the public on Sunday, September 13, and is on display until December 30, 2009.  On several occasions there will be Canadian artists working in the studio of the Glass House.  Brad Copping has made thousands of glass pine needles for his installation ‘Ghost Pine’. The needles balance on surveyor’s measuring tape suspended in the tower/cone of the Glass House.  Sally McCubbin and Aaron Oussoren (Timid Glass) occupied the studio and gave a workshop about design and function, but they also produced functional glasswork, which will be for sale.  The year will close with a working period by Katherine Gray.

'For Ever' and 'Ever', Katherine Gray, 2005

'For Ever' and 'Ever', Katherine Gray, 2005

GLASS HOUSE, Flemish Centre for Contemporary Glass Art,Dorp14b – 3920 Lommel – Belgium

Contact: T: +32 (0)11 541 335F: +32 (0)11 552 266

info@hetglazenhuis.be

www.hetglazenhuis.be

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Mingei (Traditions in Japanese Glass)

By Julia Reimer

Shinzo Kodan at work in his studio

Shinzo Kodan at work in his studio

I have always been drawn to Japanese craft and design. This interest deepened when I was doing a research project and discovered the influence of Japanese design on architects and designers who were key to the development of modern craft design. The clean spare lines of modern design owe much to traditional Japanese craft and architecture. Through further research I became aware that Japanese design was also influenced by modern craft theories; in particular, the arts and crafts movement inspired the Mingei movement in Japan. This craft movement, like the arts and crafts movement, was a reaction to industrialization and recognized the value of simple functional craft. During my time in Japan this past spring, as part of my research proposal for the RBC award, I decided to learn more about Mingei and to try to understand its roots and its influence on modern craft. As a craftsperson living in North American there seems to be a decline in interest in designed, handcrafted functional objects. In Japan, it was refreshing to meet students who still felt that designing and crafting functional objects was worthwhile. These students were inspired by Mingei glass master Shinzo Kodani whose pieces reflected the tenets of Mingei, anonymous and accessible functional objects.

Shinzo Kodan gathering from the furnace in his studio

Shinzo Kodan gathering from the furnace in his studio

We were fortunate to learn more about Mingei from Kodani.  One night over a dinner of sashimi and sake he expounded its philosophy:

-Love nature

-Love humanity

-Respect your work

-Do this with all your heart

As he spoke, we could feel his sincerity and we knew that these were not just words or theories but that these beliefs were his passion, and we could understand why his younger colleagues revered him.  It was inspiring to meet an 80-year-old glass blower, so passionate about his work, crafting well-formed objects in a simple studio of his own making.

Work by Masahiro Sasaki, Sara, 25×25×10 cm, blown, engraved

Work by Masahiro Sasaki, Sara, 25×25×10 cm, blown, engraved

Work by Masahiro Sasaki, Ginsai, Left15×15×15cm, Centre25×25×7cm, Right 8×8×8cm blown, engraved, platinum enamel

Work by Masahiro Sasaki, Ginsai, Left15×15×15cm, Centre25×25×7cm, Right 8×8×8cm blown, engraved, platinum enamel

 

Masahiro Sasaki, Hirahira, 30x30x24cm, blown,engraved,sandblasted

Masahiro Sasaki, Hirahira, 30x30x24cm, blown,engraved,sandblasted

During my time in Japan I gained a broader understanding about Mingei and its influence. Yet since our trip what has what has stayed  with me is Mingei’s focus on the role of the maker. There is the notion that the intimacy a maker has with material conveys vital information about the object as well as our connection to the material world. As well, that this intimacy of material seems bound to the natural world, formed from an understanding of the pure form of the material itself.

Makiko Nakagami, a calm day, 6x90x90cm, blown, sandblasted

Makiko Nakagami, a calm day, 6x90x90cm, blown, sandblasted

I have become aware that as a craftperson my relationship with the material I work with has allowed me to more effectively evoke nature. As Heidegger proposed, artworks have a unique relationship with nature because they have a double essence. “They cannot exist without matter, and they always have physical properties—painting is formed color. But they also do not exist simply in matter, the way utilitarian objects do. Rather, they simultaneously transcend their material and allow their material to be itself for the first time.”

For me this notion resonates as much now as it may have in the Mingei movement when it was formed in the 1920’s.

Our trip blog can be found at www.firebrandglass.ca/blog

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